How 100-m event analyses improve our understanding of world-class men's and women's sprint performance
How 100-m event analyses improve our understanding of world-class men's and women's sprint performance
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DOI：
10.1111/sms.12627
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Samozino, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slawinski, J.;Termoz, N.;Samozino, P.
本研究旨在比较世界优秀女子短跑运动员与男子短跑运动员的力（F）-速度（v）-功率（P）-时间（t）关系。共100条距离-时间曲线（50名女性和50名男性）从国际100米决赛中计算，以确定每场比赛的加速和减速阶段：（a）描述速度，力和功率输出的机械变量;和（B）F-P-v关系和每个运动员产生的相关最大功率输出、理论力和速度（P-max、F-0和V-0）。结果表明：100 m全程最大冲刺速度（V-max）和平均输出功率（W/kg）对100 m成绩有显著影响（r>-0.80，P0.001）;除了在加速阶段或整个100米过程中产生的平均力（N/kg）外，在比赛中观察到的所有机械变量在男性中都更大。女性加速时间较短，减速时间较长，这可以解释她们的最大肺活量较低，速度下降幅度较大，进而解释她们的运动水平较低，这可以通过她们的最大肺活量及其与运动成绩的相关性来解释。这突出了保持以高速向地面施加水平力的能力的重要性。
This study aimed to compare the force (F)-velocity (v)-power (P)-time (t) relationships of female and male world-class sprinters. A total of 100 distance-time curves (50 women and 50 men) were computed from international 100-m finals, to determine the acceleration and deceleration phases of each race: (a) mechanical variables describing the velocity, force, and power output; and (b) F-P-v relationships and associated maximal power output, theoretical force and velocity produced by each athlete (P-max, F-0, and V-0). The results showed that the maximal sprint velocity (V-max) and mean power output (W/kg) developed over the entire 100m strongly influenced 100-m performance (r>-0.80; P0.001). With the exception of mean force (N/kg) developed during the acceleration phase or during the entire 100m, all of the mechanicals variables observed over the race were greater in men. Shorter acceleration and longer deceleration in women may explain both their lower V-max and their greater decrease in velocity, and in turn their lower performance level, which can be explained by their higher V-0 and its correlation with performance. This highlights the importance of the capability to keep applying horizontal force to the ground at high velocities.