Six enzymes from mayapple that complete the biosynthetic pathway to the etoposide aglycone.

Six enzymes from mayapple that complete the biosynthetic pathway to the etoposide aglycone.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aac7202
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发表时间:
2015-09-11
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sattely ES
Sattely ES
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lau W;Sattely ES

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鬼臼毒素是化疗药物依托泊苷的天然产物前体,但人们只知道其生物合成途径的一部分。我们使用转录组挖掘在鬼臼毒素途径中寻找鬼臼毒素生物合成基因。我们选择了29个候选基因在烟草中组合表达,并鉴定了6个途径酶,包括一个依赖于氧戊二酸的双加氧酶,它关闭了芳基四氢呋喃支架的核心环己烷环。通过在烟草中共表达10个基因--这6个基因加4个基因--我们重建了通往(−)-4‘-去甲基鬼臼毒素(依托泊苷苷元)的途径,这是一种天然存在的木脂素,是依托泊苷的直接前体,与鬼臼毒素不同,它是一种有效的拓扑异构酶抑制剂。我们的研究结果使在烟草中生产依托泊苷苷元成为可能,并避免了种植蛋黄和半合成鬼臼毒素的差向异构化和去甲基化。
Podophyllotoxin is the natural product precursor of the chemotherapeutic etoposide, yet only part of its biosynthetic pathway is known. We used transcriptome mining in Podophyllum hexandrum (mayapple) to identify biosynthetic genes in the podophyllotoxin pathway. We selected 29 candidate genes to combinatorially express in Nicotiana benthamiana (tobacco) and identified six pathway enzymes, including an oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase that closes the core cyclohexane ring of the aryltetralin scaffold. By coexpressing 10 genes in tobacco—these 6 plus 4 previously discovered—we reconstitute the pathway to (−)-4′-desmethylepipodophyllotoxin (the etoposide aglycone), a naturally occurring lignan that is the immediate precursor of etoposide and, unlike podophyllotoxin, a potent topoisomerase inhibitor. Our results enable production of the etoposide aglycone in tobacco and circumvent the need for cultivation of mayapple and semisynthetic epimerization and demethylation of podophyllotoxin.
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