Role of transforming growth factor-beta in bone remodeling.
Role of transforming growth factor-beta in bone remodeling.
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DOI：
10.1097/00003086-199001000-00036
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
L. Bonewald;G. Mundy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Bonewald;G. Mundy
转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）在骨重建中起关键作用。TGF-β刺激基质蛋白合成，对负责骨形成和再吸收的骨细胞具有显著作用，并且在骨和骨条件培养基中丰富。已经描述了TGF-β的多种来源。它最初是从血小板中纯化的。两种不同形式的TGF-β已从骨中纯化。第二种形式，TGF-β II，最初从骨中纯化，但随后在血小板中被鉴定，也是猴肾BSC-1细胞系中的主要TGF-β。这两种骨源性因子被称为软骨诱导因子A（CIF-A）和软骨诱导因子B（CIF-B），基于它们诱导细胞外基质蛋白形成的能力，细胞外基质蛋白是软骨的特征。CIF-A与从血小板中纯化的TGF-β相同，称为TGF-β I。CIG-B与TGF-β II相同，后者在CIF-B被发现和表征后不久就被测序。两种形式之间有70%的序列同源性。体内TGF-β的最大来源是骨骼（200微克/千克组织），尽管最集中的来源是血小板。TGF-β对骨细胞具有多种作用，这取决于它们的表型和/或分化阶段。成骨细胞是负责新骨形成和可能对骨重塑进行细胞控制的细胞，其直接受到TGF-β的影响，TGF-β可以诱导分化或增殖，这取决于所检查的成骨细胞类型。TGF-β抑制破骨细胞前体的形成和骨吸收，并且在更大的浓度下，对分离的破骨细胞（负责骨吸收的细胞）具有抑制作用。TGF-β可作为骨偶联因子，将骨吸收与骨形成联系起来。
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) plays a critical role in bone remodeling. TGF-beta stimulates matrix protein synthesis, has dramatic effects on the bone cells responsible for bone formation and resorption, and is abundant in bone and bone-conditioned media. Multiple sources of TGF-beta have been described. It was initially purified from platelets. Two distinct forms of TGF-beta have been purified from bone. The second form, TGF-beta II, was initially purified from bone but was then identified in platelets and also as the major TGF-beta in the monkey kidney BSC-1 cell line. The two bone-derived factors were called cartilage-inducing Factor A (CIF-A) and cartilage-inducing Factor B (CIF-B), based on their capacity to induce the formation of extracellular matrix proteins, which are characteristic of cartilage. CIF-A is identical to the TGF-beta purified from platelets, which is called TGF-beta I. CIG-B is the same as TGF-beta II, which was sequenced soon after CIF-B was discovered and characterized. There is 70% sequence homology between the two forms. The largest source of TGF-beta in the body is present in bone (200 micrograms/kg tissue), although the most concentrated source is in platelets. TGF-beta has multiple effects on bone cells depending on their phenotype and/or stage of differentiation. Osteoblasts, the cells responsible for formation of new bone and perhaps cellular control of bone remodeling, are directly affected by TGF-beta, which can induce differentiation or proliferation, depending on the osteoblastic cell type examined. TGF-beta inhibits the formation of osteoclast precursors and bone resorption and, in greater concentrations, has inhibitory effects on isolated osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. TGF-beta may act as a bone-coupling factor linking bone resorption to bone formation.