Alcohol and Aggression: A Validation Study of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm
Alcohol and Aggression: A Validation Study of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm
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酒精和攻击行为：泰勒攻击范式的验证研究
作者：
R. Gustafson
本研究采用泰勒攻击范式对酒精对攻击行为的影响进行了实验研究。主要假设指出，当受试者反复电击时，泰勒范式不能充分控制疼痛/不适阈值的差异。36名男性受试者被随机分配到酒精或安慰剂条件下。他们首先被要求根据主观标准（“绝对不愉快”）调整电击。然后使用该冲击设置来校准冲击强度标度。受试者被给予12次不同强度的电击。没有电击超过主观标准。在12次电击之后，受试者再次将电击调整到相同的主观标准。由受试者对每种电击和主观标准进行疼痛和总体不适评分。泰勒范式的有效性要求疼痛/不适阈值在整个实验观察期间保持稳定。结果表明，中毒的受试者选择了较高的初始主观标准，并经历了更强烈的后续冲击。在泰勒范式中，醉酒的受试者比清醒的受试者更容易被激怒，并且醉酒受试者的攻击分数的增加不能完全归因于酒精。
An experimental study was performed testing the validity of the Taylor aggression paradigm when used to study the effects of alcohol on aggression. The main hypothesis stated that the Taylor paradigm does not adequately control for differences in pain/discomfort thresholds when subjects are repeatedly shocked. 36 male subjects were randomly assigned to an alcohol or a placebo condition. They were first required to adjust an electric shock to a subjective criterion (“definitely unpleasant”). This shock setting was then used to calibrate a shock-intensity scale. Subjects were given 12 shocks of varying intensities from this scale. No shock was above the subjective criterion. After the 12 shocks subjects again adjusted an electric shock to the same subjective criterion. Each shock and subjective criterion were rated by subjects for experienced pain and experienced total discomfort. Validity of the Taylor paradigm requires that pain/discomfort thresholds remain stable throughout a period of experimental observation. The results indicate that intoxicated subjects chose a higher initial subjective criterion and experienced the subsequent shocks more intensely. Intoxicated subjects in the Taylor paradigm are more provoked than sober subjects and reported increases in aggression scores for intoxicated subjects can not conclusively be attributed to alcohol alone.