SYNDROME OF INTENTION OR ACTION MYOCLONUS AS A SEQUEL TO HYPOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
SYNDROME OF INTENTION OR ACTION MYOCLONUS AS A SEQUEL TO HYPOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/86.1.111
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发表时间：
1963-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
ADAMS, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LANCE, JW;ADAMS, RD
肌阵挛这个词最初的意思是肌肉骚动或骚动，现已应用于许多运动现象。它们的不同之处在于肌肉参与的程度、收缩的速度和持续时间、节律性程度、唤起模式以及它们出现的临床环境。简单来说，肌阵挛可以是从单个肌肉束的收缩（没有关节移位）到整个肌肉或一组肌肉的收缩（伴随附着结构或肢体的总体运动）。它可能包括一次收缩或一系列收缩，后者是以有节奏的顺序发生的有规律的运动，或者是无节律的、无规律的连续收缩，其中每块肌肉与其他肌肉的作用无序。肌阵挛可能由几种不同刺激（视觉、触觉、听觉）中的任何一种引起，也可能在持续的运动活动（反射或意志）过程中发生，当反应最大时，可能会以全身抽搐终止。更一般地说，肌阵挛可以被描述为神经系统过度兴奋的一种表现，其形式似乎根据其神经起源的水平而变化。在大脑皮层、丘脑、小脑皮层甚至脊髓中占主导地位的病理过程中已经注意到了这样的例子。而且，它一方面可能发生在正常人身上，另一方面也可能是严重的器质性崩溃的症状。在正常情况下
THE word myoclonus which originally meant muscle commotion or tumult has been applied to a number of motor phenomena. These differ in the extent of muscle involvement, the speed and duration of contraction, the degree of rhythmicity, the mode of evocation and the clinical setting in which they appear. To elaborate briefly, myoclonus may vary from the contraction of a single fascicle of a muscle, without displacement of a joint, to a muscle in its entirety, or group of muscles, with gross movement of attached structures or a limb. It may comprise either a single contraction or a series of them, the latter being a regularly patterned movement occurring in rhythmic sequence, or an arrhythmic unpatteraed succession of contractions with each muscle acting in disorderly relation to the others. Myoclonus may be initiated by any one of several different stimuli (visual, tactile, auditory) or may develop during a sustained motor activity (reflex or willed) and when the response is maximal it may terminate in a generalized convulsion.Myoclonus in more general terms may be described as a manifestation of hyperexcitability of the nervous system and the form it takes would appear to vary according to the level of its nervous origin. Examples of it have been noted in pathological processes which predominate in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, cerebellar cortex or even spinal cord. Moreover, it may occur in normal individuals on the one hand or may be a symptom of grave organic disintegration on the other. In the normal