Rainfall-induced volcanic activity on Montserrat
Rainfall-induced volcanic activity on Montserrat
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DOI：
10.1029/2002gl014863
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Williams, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matthews, AJ;Barclay, J;Williams, C
[1] 形成圆顶的火山喷发在几个月内周期性地挤出熔岩体，然后熔岩体在重力作用下变得不稳定并塌陷，产生火山碎屑流。 2001 年 7 月 29 日，蒙特塞拉特岛遭遇极端降雨，同时苏弗里耶尔山熔岩穹顶发生严重塌陷。我们提供的降雨和地震记录首次证明了强降雨和熔岩穹顶塌陷之间的关系以及相关的火山碎屑流的产生。经过七个月的少雨和一段时期的穹顶持续增长之后，强降雨开始后数小时内就出现了穹顶倒塌和火山碎屑流。造成降雨的大规模天气系统可以通过卫星图像识别出来，并通过火山活动前 60 小时发布的气象预报进行预测。建议将强降雨天气预报与现有的地球物理和地球化学测量相结合，以改进对这些危险事件的预警。
[1] Dome-forming volcanic eruptions cyclically extrude bodies of lava over several months, which then become gravitationally unstable and collapse, generating pyroclastic flows. On 29 July 2001 extreme rainfall over Montserrat coincided with a major collapse of the Soufriere Hills lava dome. We present rainfall and seismic records that demonstrate, for the first time, a relationship between intense rainfall and lava dome collapse, with associated pyroclastic flow generation. After seven months of little rain and a period of sustained dome growth, the onset of intense rain was followed within hours by dome collapse and pyroclastic flows. The large-scale weather system responsible for the rain was identifiable in satellite images and predicted by meteorological forecasts issued 60 hours prior to the volcanic activity. It is suggested that weather prediction of intense rainfall be incorporated with existing geophysical and geochemical measurements to improve warnings of these hazardous events.