The emergence of a syndrome-specific personality profile in young children with Down syndrome.
The emergence of a syndrome-specific personality profile in young children with Down syndrome.
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DOI：
10.3104/reprints.305
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fidler, Deborah J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fidler, Deborah J
几十年来，研究人员和从业者一直试图找到唐氏综合症患者存在个性刻板印象的证据，这种刻板印象包括愉快、深情和被动的行为方式。然而，对唐氏综合症患者人格动机的更细微的探索揭示了这种令人愉快的刻板印象之外的复杂性，包括报告中的动机取向不那么持久，以及在认知挑战任务中过度依赖社会行为。假设唐氏综合症患者的人格-动机特征是唐氏综合症行为表型中更主要的(认知、社会-情感)方面之间存在跨领域关系的结果。患有唐氏综合症的幼儿总体上表现出工具性思维发展的延迟，以及社交-情绪功能的相对强项。如果不那么持久的动机取向确实是社会功能中更主要的优势和工具性(手段-目的)思维缺陷的次要表型结果，那么有可能通过有针对性的和对时间敏感的干预来改变这种个性-动机特征的发展轨迹。对干预计划的含义进行了讨论。
For decades, researchers and practitioners have attempted to find evidence for a personality stereotype in individuals with Down syndrome that includes a pleasant, affectionate, and passive behaviour style. However, a more nuanced exploration of personality-motivation in Down syndrome reveals complexity beyond this pleasant stereotype, including reports of a less persistent motivational orientation and an over-reliance on social behaviours during cognitively-challenging tasks. It is hypothesised that the personality-motivation profile observed in individuals with Down syndrome emerges as a result of the cross-domain relations between more primary (cognitive, social-emotional) aspects of the Down syndrome behavioural phenotype. Young children with Down syndrome show a general profile of delays in the development of instrumental thinking coupled with emerging relative strengths in social-emotional functioning. If it is true that a less persistent motivational orientation emerges as a secondary phenotypic result of more primary strengths in social functioning and deficits in instrumental (means-end) thinking, it may be possible to alter the developmental trajectory of this personality-motivation profile with targeted and time-sensitive intervention. Implications for intervention planning are discussed.