Intra- and inter-sexual aggression by bonobos in the context of mating
Intra- and inter-sexual aggression by bonobos in the context of mating
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DOI：
10.1163/156853903771980648
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Fruth, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hohmann, G;Fruth, B
先前关于倭黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）的研究重点是在圈养群体中解决冲突时攻击性的作用。这项研究调查了野生倭黑猩猩的攻击行为事件，以评估其在交配背景下的重要性。攻击和交配之间的时间关联（15 分钟）被用来假设功能关系。与交配活动相关的事件比例最高的是女性对女性的攻击行为，其次是男性对男性、男性对女性和女性对男性的攻击行为。结果表明，性内攻击被用来操纵竞争对手的交配成功率：雄性争夺发情雌性的机会，雄性之间的攻击性在交配日很高，并且攻击者的交配率高于目标。雌性的骚扰会扰乱目标的交配尝试，攻击率随着每方发情雌性数量的增加而增加，并且在骚扰之后，攻击者往往会更频繁地与目标雌性的雄性伴侣交配。与性内攻击不同，对交配背景下的性间攻击的预测功能的支持很弱。雄性对雌性的攻击很少见，并且攻击者和目标之间几乎从未发生交配。雌性对雄性的攻击行为经常发生，但似乎与交配行为无关。结果并不支持女性防卫联盟假说（Parish，1996）。然而，当雄性和雌性密切交往时，与对照组相比，攻击率往往较低，交配率则较高。我们认为，男性间的攻击性与两性间的联系是不相容的，并提出男性从与女性的长期依附关系中获得的潜在好处可以防止男性对女性的攻击性。
Previous work on bonobos (Pan paniscus) has focused on the role of aggression in the context of conflict resolution in captive groups. This study investigates events of aggressive behaviour of wild bonobos to evaluate its significance in the context of mating. Temporal association (15 minutes) between aggression and mating was used to assume functional relationship. The proportion of events that were found to be related to mating activity was highest for female-female aggression followed by male-male, male-female, and female-male aggression. The results suggest that intrasexual aggression is used to manipulate the mating success of competitors: Males competed for access to oestrus females, aggression between males was high on mating days, and aggressors had higher mating rates than targets. Harassment by females disturbed mating attempts of targets, the rate of aggression increased with the number of oestrous females per party and following harassment, aggressors tended to mate more often with the male partner of the target female. Unlike intrasexual aggression, support for the predicted functions of inter-sexual aggression in the context of mating was weak. Aggression by males against females was rare and was almost never followed by mating between aggressor and target. Female aggression against males occurred frequently but appeared to be independent of mating behaviour. The results did not support the female-defence alliance hypothesis (Parish, 1996). However, when males and females engaged in close association, the rate of aggression tended to be lower and rates of mating were higher than during control periods. We suggest that male intersexual aggression is incompatible with intersexual bonding and propose that the potential benefits that males derive from affiliative long-term association with females prevent males from being aggressive against females.