Blowin' in the Wind: Wind Dispersal Ability of Phytopathogenic Fusarium in a Wind Tunnel Experiment
Blowin' in the Wind: Wind Dispersal Ability of Phytopathogenic Fusarium in a Wind Tunnel Experiment
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DOI：
10.3390/atmos12121653
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mueller, Marina E. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffmann, Annika;Funk, Roger;Mueller, Marina E. H.
传播过程在由植物病原镰刀菌引起的谷类疾病中起着重要作用。然而，大多数镰刀菌孢子传播的经验研究都集中在垂直运输的雨溅，而风传播大多被忽视。我们的目的是确定能力的镰刀菌分生孢子分散通过风在受控条件下的风洞研究。将10种具有不同孢子变种的镰刀菌置于风速为5和8 m/s（-1）的气流中，用一种新研制的空气取样箱在6 m后1 h收集它们。尽管释放培养皿中的孢子浓度较高，但在78次运行中仅18次重新捕获了供试分离株。F. equiseti和F.谷物是最常被发现的物种。改变非生物条件下，风速和孢子形状没有显着影响镰刀菌孢子回收率。另一个实验表明，分生孢子很少从生长的菌丝体中释放出来。因此，风单独作为镰刀菌分生孢子传播媒介的重要性可能被高估了。进一步的研究应调查载体媒体或移动的链接器结合孢子的风传播的重要性。
Dispersal processes play an essential role in cereal diseases caused by phytopathogenic Fusarium. However, most empirical studies of Fusarium spore dispersal have focused on vertical transport by rain splash, while wind dispersal has been mostly neglected. Our objective was to determine the ability of Fusarium conidiospores to disperse via wind under controlled conditions in a wind tunnel study. Ten Fusarium species with diverse spore varieties were studied by placing them in the wind stream at wind velocities of 5 and 8 m s(-1) and collecting them after 6 m and a period of 1 h using a newly developed air sampling box. Although spore concentrations were high in the releasing Petri Dishes, the tested isolates were recaptured in only 18 of 78 runs. F. equiseti and F. cerealis were the most frequently recovered species. Changing abiotic conditions, wind speed, and spore shapes had no significant effect on Fusarium spore recapture rates. Another experiment showed that conidiospores were rarely released from the grown mycelium. Therefore, the importance of wind alone as a dispersal medium for Fusarium conidiospores may have been overestimated so far. Further studies should investigate the importance of carrier media or mobile linkers combined with the wind dispersal of spores.