Factors affecting cuticle synthesis in apple fruit identified under field conditions
Factors affecting cuticle synthesis in apple fruit identified under field conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110512
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Yiru Si;Bishnu P. Khanal-;M. Knoche
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yiru Si;Bishnu P. Khanal-;M. Knoche
微观裂缝是许多具有商业重要性的苹果果皮疾病（包括黄褐色）的原因。微裂纹是由于水果生长过程中持续的表皮应变造成的。不断角质层沉积在发展中的苹果果实减少应变，因此，微裂纹。其目的是确定因素，影响角质层沉积在田间条件下，发展苹果。我们将13 C标记的油酸作为角质单体的前体物供给到发育中的苹果果实表面，角质占油酸的大部分掺入。掺入仅限于与进料溶液直接接触的表面，几乎没有横向扩散。增加进料溶液的浓度通常会增加13 C-标记的油酸的掺入。融合最初是迅速的，但随后减慢，并在三天内接近渐近线。进料后的掺入期的持续时间对掺入的前体的量没有影响。所有的结合基本上都是瞬间的。在果实发育过程中，同化率在盛花后64 ~ 78天达到最大值，然后逐渐下降。自然遮荫对角质沉积没有影响。在5个苹果品种中，前体的掺入在'Gala'中最低，在'Pinova'中最高。单位面积角质层质量较高的品种，其角质层中的~（13）C标记油酸含量也较高，但蜡质中的~（13）C标记油酸含量不高。
Microscopic cracks are causal in a number of commercially-important fruit skin disorders of apple, including russeting. Microcracks result from ongoing skin strain during fruit growth. Continuous cuticle deposition in developing apple fruit reduces strain and thus, microcracking. The objective was to identify factors that affect cuticle deposition under field conditions in developing apples. We fed13C-labelled oleic acid as a precursor for cutin monomers to the surface of developing apple fruit.Cutin accounted for most of the incorporation of the oleic acid. Incorporation was limited to the surface in direct contact with the feeding solution, there was very little lateral diffusion. Increasing the concentration of the feeding solution generally increased the incorporation of13C-labelled oleic acid. Incorporation was initially rapid, but then slowed down and approached an asymptote within three days. The duration of the incorporation period after feeding had no effect on the amount of precursor incorporated. All incorporation was essentially instantaneous. During fruit development, incorporation rate was maximal between 64 and 78 days after full bloom (DAFB), then decreased towards maturity. There was no effect of natural (foliar) shading on cutin deposition. Across five apple cultivars, incorporation of the precursor was lowest in ‘Gala’ and highest in ‘Pinova’. Those cultivars whose cuticles had higher mass per unit area also had higher incorporations of the13C-labelled oleic acid in the cutin, but not in the wax.The potential commercial benefits of applying cutin monomer precursors in the field are discussed.