Induction of myelinating oligodendrocytes in human cortical spheroids.

Induction of myelinating oligodendrocytes in human cortical spheroids.
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在人皮质球体中诱导髓鞘的少突胶质细胞。

DOI:
10.1038/s41592-018-0081-4
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发表时间:
2018-09
期刊:
影响因子:
48
通讯作者:
Tesar PJ
Tesar PJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Madhavan M;Nevin ZS;Shick HE;Garrison E;Clarkson-Paredes C;Karl M;Clayton BLL;Factor DC;Allan KC;Barbar L;Jain T;Douvaras P;Fossati V;Miller RH;Tesar PJ

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类器官技术提供了一个可访问的系统来检查发育中的人脑中的细胞组成、相互作用和组织,但以前缺乏少突胶质细胞,即中枢神经系统的髓鞘神经胶质细胞。在这里,我们在人类多能干细胞衍生的“少皮质球体”中可重复地产生少突胶质细胞和髓鞘质。转录、免疫组织化学和电子显微镜分析表明,分子特征与培养 20 周时成熟的少突胶质细胞一致,包括 MYRF、PLP1 和 MBP 蛋白的表达以及轴突的初始髓磷脂包裹,并在 30 周时成熟为纵向包裹和致密髓磷脂。髓鞘形成药物可增强少突胶质细胞生成和髓鞘形成的速度和程度,而遗传性髓鞘疾病患者产生的少皮质球体则重现了人类疾病表型。少皮质球体提供了一个多功能平台来观察和剖析发育中的中枢神经系统髓鞘形成所需的复杂相互作用,并为人体组织中的疾病建模和治疗开发提供新的机会。
Organoid technologies provide an accessible system to examine cellular composition, interactions, and organization in the developing human brain, but previously have lacked oligodendrocytes, the myelinating glia of the central nervous system. Here we reproducibly generate oligodendrocytes and myelin in human pluripotent stem cell-derived “oligocortical spheroids”. Transcriptional, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopy analyses demonstrate molecular features consistent with maturing oligodendrocytes by 20 weeks in culture, including expression of MYRF, PLP1, and MBP proteins and initial myelin wrapping of axons, with maturation to longitudinal wrapping and compact myelin by 30 weeks. Promyelinating drugs enhance the rate and extent of oligodendrocyte generation and myelination, while oligocortical spheroids generated from patients with a genetic myelin disorder recapitulate human disease phenotypes. Oligocortical spheroids provide a versatile platform to observe and dissect the complex interactions required for myelination of the developing central nervous system and offer new opportunities for disease modeling and therapeutic development in human tissue.
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