Genetic Variation in the Acute Lethal Response of Four Inbred Mouse Strains to Whole Body X-Irradiation.
Genetic Variation in the Acute Lethal Response of Four Inbred Mouse Strains to Whole Body X-Irradiation.
复制标题
四种近交系小鼠品系对全身 X 射线照射的急性致死反应的遗传变异。
作者：
D. Grahn;K. Hamilton
自从HENSHAW（1944）报道了C_3H和LAF_1小鼠对X射线的急性致死反应的差异以来，人们已经认识到在同一物种内存在辐射敏感性的遗传变异。从那时起，实验室小型哺乳动物的辐射反应中的品系或遗传差异已被指出为绝育剂量（LORENZ等人，1947），白血病诱导易感性（KIRSCHBAUM和MIXER 1947），血液化学变化（KOHN 1951），脾脏保护后的造血反应（KAPLAN和PAULI，1952），体重和器官重量变化（GRAHN 1954 a，B）和预期寿命缩短（HENSHAW et al. 1947; EVANS 1948; SACHER 1950; GOWEN 1956）。虽然单剂量LDSO值经常被用于放射生物学研究作为实验终点，有关遗传变异的信息在这个值是不够的。已知小鼠（LORENZ等，1952）和大鼠（KOHN 1951）在X射线照射后的L D ~中存在品系差异。RUGH（1953）回顾了几项独立的研究，指出小鼠的LDSO值可能在400 r至650 r的X射线范围内变化，这取决于所用的菌株。然而，这个LD 50值的范围是混淆的，与年龄的差异，暴露，辐射质量，和不负责任的环境因素，当然必须不同的实验室。尚未尝试在单一实验中量化急性致死率的菌株差异。因此，某些特征，如敏感性的年龄变化、剂量-死亡率斜率和性别差异，仅在一般情况下已知。
HE existence of geneticvariation in radiation sensitivity within a species has been T acknowledged since HENSHAW (1944) reported a difference in the acute lethal response of C3H and LAFl mice to X-radiation. Since that time, strain or genetic differences in the radiation response of small laboratory mammals have been indicated for the sterilization dose (LORENZ et al. 1947), susceptibility to leukemia induction (KIRSCHBAUM and MIXER 1947), changes in blood chemistry (KOHN 1951), hematopoietic response after spleen protection (KAPLAN and PAULI, 1952), changes in body and organ weight (GRAHN 1954a,b) and for the reduction of life expectancy (HENSHAW et al. 1947; EVANS 1948; SACHER 1950; GOWEN 1956). Although the single dose LDSO value is often used in radiobiological studies as an experimental end point, information concerning genetic variation in this value is inadequate. Strain differences in the L D ~ o f llowing X-irradiation are known to exist in mice (LORENZ et al. 1952) and rats (KOHN 1951). RUGH (1953), reviewing several independent studies, indicated that the LDSO value in mice may vary from 400r to 650r of X-rays, depending upon the strain employed. This range of LD50 values is confounded, however, with differences in age a t exposure, radiation quality, and unaccountable environmental factors that certainly must vary among laboratories. No attempt has been made to quantify, in a single experimental effort, strain differences in acute lethality. Consequently, certain features such as age changes in sensitivity, dosage-mortality slopes and sex differenccs are known only in general terms.