13,915 reasons for equity in sexual offences legislation: A national school-based survey in South Africa
13,915 reasons for equity in sexual offences legislation: A national school-based survey in South Africa
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-9276-7-20
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Ho-Foster, Ari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersson, Neil;Ho-Foster, Ari
目标：2007 年之前，在南非，强迫与男童发生性关系并不算作强奸，而是算作“非礼”，这是一种不太严重的罪行。本研究旨在记录在校青少年中男性性暴力的普遍性。 设计：在分层（省/都市/城市/农村）最后阶段随机全国样本中，以 11 种官方语言中的 9 种语言进行的简易自填问卷。 背景： 团队于 2002 年 10 月和 11 月访问了 1191 所学校的 5162 个班级。 参与者： 2002 年 10 至 19 岁的总共 269,705 名学习者6-11 年级。其中，126,696 人为男性。 主要结果指标：学童回答了有关去年遭受侮辱、殴打、不必要的触摸和强迫性行为的问题。他们指出了肇事者的性别，以及他是否是家庭成员、同学、老师或其他成年人。受访者还给出了他们第一次遭受强迫性行为的年龄以及第一次发生自愿性行为的年龄。结果：约 9%（基于 13915/127097 的加权值）的 11-19 岁男性受访者报告去年遭受过强迫性行为。在调查时年龄为 18 岁的人中，44%（加权值为 5385/11450）表示他们在生活中被迫发生性行为，50% 的人表示自愿发生性行为。肇事者最常见的是非自己家庭的成年人，紧随其后的是其他学童。约 32% 的人表示施暴者是男性，41% 的人表示施害者是女性，27% 的人表示他们曾被男性和女性施暴者强迫发生性行为。男性虐待男童的现象在农村地区更为常见，而女性施暴现象则更多是城市现象。 结论：这项研究揭示了对男童性虐待的普遍现象，这一现象受到怀疑，但迄今为止记录很少。法律承认强奸男孩的犯罪行为是第一步。接下来的步骤包括大力投资支持虐待的男性受害者，并预防所有儿童性虐待。
Objective: Prior to 2007, forced sex with male children in South Africa did not count as rape but as "indecent assault", a much less serious offence. This study sought to document prevalence of male sexual violence among school-going youth.Design: A facilitated self-administered questionnaire in nine of the 11 official languages in a stratified (province/metro/urban/rural) last stage random national sample.Setting: Teams visited 5162 classes in 1191 schools, in October and November 2002.Participants: A total of 269,705 learners aged 10-19 years in grades 6-11. Of these, 126,696 were male.Main outcome measures: Schoolchildren answered questions about exposure in the last year to insults, beating, unwanted touching and forced sex. They indicated the sex of the perpetrator, and whether this was a family member, a fellow schoolchild, a teacher or another adult. Respondents also gave the age when they first suffered forced sex and when they first had consensual sex.Results: Some 9% (weighted value based on 13915/127097) of male respondents aged 11-19 years reported forced sex in the last year. Of those aged 18 years at the time of the survey, 44% (weighted value of 5385/11450) said they had been forced to have sex in their lives and 50% reported consensual sex. Perpetrators were most frequently an adult not from their own family, followed closely in frequency by other schoolchildren. Some 32% said the perpetrator was male, 41% said she was female and 27% said they had been forced to have sex by both male and female perpetrators. Male abuse of schoolboys was more common in rural areas while female perpetration was more an urban phenomenon.Conclusion: This study uncovers endemic sexual abuse of male children that was suspected but hitherto only poorly documented. Legal recognition of the criminality of rape of male children is a first step. The next steps include serious investment in supporting male victims of abuse, and in prevention of all childhood sexual abuse.