Modeling Pollinator Community Response to Contrasting Bioenergy Scenarios
Modeling Pollinator Community Response to Contrasting Bioenergy Scenarios
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0110676
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发表时间：
2014-11-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Isaacs, Rufus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bennett, Ashley B.;Meehan, Timothy D.;Isaacs, Rufus
在美国，旨在增加可再生能源来源的政策举措正在推动生物能源的生产，特别是在农业景观占主导地位的中西部地区。虽然政策指令侧重于可再生燃料的生产，但生物多样性和生态系统服务将受到实现生产目标所需的土地使用变化的影响。利用野外观测数据，我们建立了基于土地覆盖预测访花蜜蜂丰度、多样性和群落组成的经验模型。我们使用这些模型来探索蜜蜂在两种不同的生物能源情景下可能会做出的反应：年度生物能源作物生产和常年草原生物能源生产。在这两个情景中，60万公顷的边际年耕地或边际草地分别转化为多年生草地或一年生作物生物能生产。模型预测表明，这种规模的生物能源作物年产量的扩大将使蜜蜂丰度减少0%至71%，蜜蜂多样性减少0%至28%，具体取决于地点。相比之下，将边缘土壤上的一年生作物改成多年生草地可以使蜜蜂丰度从0增加到600%，蜜蜂多样性增加0%到53%。我们对蜜蜂群落组成的分析得出了类似的模式，在年度生物能源作物生产下，蜜蜂群落的多样性变得较低，而在常年生物能源作物生产下，蜜蜂群落的组成向以野生蜜蜂为主的更多样化的群落过渡。像这里使用的那些模型表明，生物能源政策对传粉者保护有重要影响。
In the United States, policy initiatives aimed at increasing sources of renewable energy are advancing bioenergy production, especially in the Midwest region, where agricultural landscapes dominate. While policy directives are focused on renewable fuel production, biodiversity and ecosystem services will be impacted by the land-use changes required to meet production targets. Using data from field observations, we developed empirical models for predicting abundance, diversity, and community composition of flower-visiting bees based on land cover. We used these models to explore how bees might respond under two contrasting bioenergy scenarios: annual bioenergy crop production and perennial grassland bioenergy production. In the two scenarios, 600,000 ha of marginal annual crop land or marginal grassland were converted to perennial grassland or annual row crop bioenergy production, respectively. Model projections indicate that expansion of annual bioenergy crop production at this scale will reduce bee abundance by 0 to 71%, and bee diversity by 0 to 28%, depending on location. In contrast, converting annual crops on marginal soil to perennial grasslands could increase bee abundance from 0 to 600% and increase bee diversity between 0 and 53%. Our analysis of bee community composition suggested a similar pattern, with bee communities becoming less diverse under annual bioenergy crop production, whereas bee composition transitioned towards a more diverse community dominated by wild bees under perennial bioenergy crop production. Models, like those employed here, suggest that bioenergy policies have important consequences for pollinator conservation.