Herbivore-induced callose deposition on the sieve plates of rice: An important mechanism for host resistance
Herbivore-induced callose deposition on the sieve plates of rice: An important mechanism for host resistance
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.107.111484
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
He, Guangcun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hao, Peiying;Liu, Caixiang;He, Guangcun
褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens Stal； BPH）是一种专门以水稻（Oryza sativa）为食的食草动物，通过其柱头口器从植物中摄取韧皮部汁液。电子穿透图显示，BPH昆虫在携带抗性基因Bph14和Bph15的植物上徘徊的时间更长，但摄取韧皮部的时间比在易感植物上的时间短。它们的进食也经常被打断。用[14c]蔗糖进行的试验表明，昆虫从抗性植物中摄取的韧皮部汁液比敏感植物少得多。BPH喂养上调胼胝质合成酶基因，并诱导柱头插入处的筛管中胼胝质沉积。在抗性植株中，致密胼胝质保持完整，但编码β -1,3-葡聚糖酶的基因被激活，导致易感植株的筛管堵塞脱落。持续摄入导致易感植物蔗糖含量显著降低，RAmy3D基因激活，导致淀粉水解，最终导致植物碳水化合物匮乏。我们的研究结果表明，BPH的摄食诱导水稻筛板上胼胝质沉积，这是防止昆虫摄取韧皮部汁液的重要防御机制。然而，BPH可以通过激活水稻植株的β -1,3-葡聚糖酶基因来清除筛管堵塞。
The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal; BPH) is a specialist herbivore on rice (Oryza sativa) that ingests phloem sap from the plant through its stylet mouthparts. Electronic penetration graphs revealed that BPH insects spent more time wandering over plants carrying the resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15, but less time ingesting phloem than they did on susceptible plants. They also showed that their feeding was frequently interrupted. Tests with [ 14 C] sucrose showed that insects ingested much less phloem sap from the resistant than the susceptible plants. BPH feeding up-regulated callose synthase genes and induced callose deposition in the sieve tubes at the point where the stylet was inserted. The compact callose remained intact in the resistant plants, but genes encoding beta-1,3-glucanases were activated, causing unplugging of the sieve tube occlusions in susceptible plants. Continuing ingestion led to a remarkable reduction in the susceptible plants' sucrose content and activation of the RAmy3D gene, leading to starch hydrolysis and ultimately carbohydrate deprivation in the plants. Our results demonstrate that BPH feeding induces the deposition of callose on sieve plates in rice and that this is an important defense mechanism that prevents insects from ingesting phloem sap. In response, however, the BPH can unplug sieve tube occlusions by activating beta-1,3-glucanase genes in rice plants.