Exclusive breast-feeding of newborns among married women in the United States: the National Natality Surveys of 1969 and 1980.
Exclusive breast-feeding of newborns among married women in the United States: the National Natality Surveys of 1969 and 1980.
复制标题
美国已婚妇女对新生儿的纯母乳喂养：1969 年和 1980 年的全国出生率调查。
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/42.5.864
复制
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. G. Wooton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Forman;K. Fetterly;B. Graubard;K. G. Wooton
有关婴儿出生后喂养做法的问题包括在1969年和1980年的全国出生人口调查(NNS)中。在产后3-6个月，NNS调查问卷被邮寄给婚生婴儿的母亲，并对回答进行加权，以允许国家估计。根据国家统计局的数据，1969年美国纯母乳喂养新生儿的妇女比例(19%的白人妇女，9%的黑人妇女)明显低于1980年(51%的白人妇女，25%的黑人妇女)。1969年，纯母乳喂养的比例最高的是小于或等于34岁的白人妇女、小于或等于3岁和大于7的产次以及高于较低社会经济群体的比例；以及大于或等于30岁的黑人妇女、大于或等于4岁的黑人妇女和低于较高社会经济群体的比例。1980年，在这两个种族的女性中，初产妇比经产妇多，受教育程度更高的人是母乳喂养的。1980年，在每个出生体重和每个社会人口学特征中，纯母乳喂养的白人妇女比黑人妇女多；因此，这些因素仍然存在种族差异。这些发现与罗斯实验室对婴儿喂养的调查结果进行了比较。
Questions about infant feeding practices after birth were included in 1969 and 1980 National Natality Surveys (NNS). At 3-6 mo postpartum, NNS questionnaires were mailed to mothers of live infants born in wedlock, and responses were weighted to permit national estimates. Based on the NNS, the proportion of women who were exclusively breast-feeding newborns in the United States was significantly lower in 1969 (19% of white women, 9% of black women) compared with 1980 (51% of white women, 25% of black women). In 1969, the highest percentages of exclusive breast-feeding were observed among white women less than or equal to 34 yr, of parity less than or equal to 3 and greater than 7, and of higher than lower socioeconomic groups; and among black women greater than or equal to 30 yr, of parity greater than or equal to 4, and of lower than higher socioeconomic groups. Among women in both races in 1980, more primiparae than multiparae and the more highly educated were breast-feeding. More white than black women exclusively breast-fed within each birthweight and each sociodemographic characteristic in 1980; therefore, the racial differences remained across these factors. These findings are compared with results of the Ross Laboratories surveys of infant feeding.