Seed Selection in Some North American Finches
Seed Selection in Some North American Finches
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一些北美雀的种子选择
DOI：
10.2307/1366663
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发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Willson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Willson
食物的选择和喂养的“策略”最近得到了相当大的理论关注。麦克阿瑟和Pianka（1966）、Emlen（1966，1968）和Schoener（1969 a，B）的模型关注饮食专家和通才的进化，并强调食物偏好与收获产量之间关系的重要性。收获产量的一个重要指标（但不是唯一的指标，Rozin和Mayer 1961）是热量摄入：“捕食者”（在这种情况下是吃种子的鸟类）是否更喜欢高热量含量的“猎物”（种子），即那些提供最多热量的“猎物”每单位时间的热量，或者首选的“猎物”是否具有其他特征？食物的选择性如何随着食物密度、饥饿程度和代谢压力而改变？食物偏好和选择性程度也可能随着动物处理不同大小猎物的能力而变化。在鸟类中，经常被证明，并且通常被认为，大嘴鸟倾向于比它们的小嘴亲戚吃更大的食物。(Lack 1947年; Morris 1955; Cade 1960; Hespenheide 1966;米顿和费奇1967;牛顿1967;和Holyoak 1.970），也可能采取更广泛的食物大小（Stimulgrass 1902;但见鲍曼1961;牛顿，前引书。).本研究涉及种子选择的几个物种的雀类的关系，法案的大小，种子脱壳速度，种子大小，热量含量，和热量摄入率在两个温度制度在实验室。这些数据提供的证据相关的理论模型和额外的证据之间的相关性密切的法案大小和食物大小的偏好。
Food selection and feeding "strategies" have recently received considerable theoretical attention. The models of MacArthur and Pianka (1966), Emlen (1966, 1968) and Schoener (1969a, b) focus on the evolution of dietary specialists and generalists, and highlight the importance of the relationship between food preferences and harvest yield. One important measure (but not the only one, Rozin and Mayer 1961) of harvest yield is caloric intake: do "predators" (seed-eating birds in this case) prefer "prey" (seeds) of high caloric content, those providing the most calories per unit time, or does preferred "prey" have other characteristics? How does food selectivity change in response to food density, hunger levels, and metabolic stresses? Food preferences and degree of selectivity might also be expected to vary with the ability of an animal to handle different sizes of prey. In birds, it has frequently been shown, and is generally assumed, that larger-billed birds tend to take larger food items than their smaller-billed relatives. (Lack 1947; Morris 1955; Cade 1960; Hespenheide 1966; Myton and Ficken 1967; Newton 1967; and Holyoak 1.970) and may also take a wider range of food sizes (Snodgrass 1902; but see Bowman 1961; Newton, op. cit. ). The present study deals with seed selection of several species of finches in relation to bill size, seed-husking speed, seed size, caloric content, and rate of caloric intake under two temperature regimes in the laboratory. The data provide evidence relevant to the theoretical models and additional evidence regarding the closeness of the correlation between bill size and food-size preference.