An overview of biodegradable nanomaterials and applications in vaccines
An overview of biodegradable nanomaterials and applications in vaccines
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可生物降解纳米材料及其在疫苗中的应用概述
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.031
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Zhao Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan Xingye;Zhou Mo;Yu Shuang;Jin Zheng;Zhao Kai
疫苗接种是预防和消除传染病最具成本效益和可持续的方法。与传统疫苗相比，新型疫苗稳定性更好、持续时间更长、所需抗原用量更少。此外，新型疫苗免疫效果更好，毒副作用明显减少。然而，新型疫苗和传统疫苗都需要载体分子或佐剂来产生最佳的免疫反应。对疫苗佐剂和递送系统的需求不断增加，这些佐剂和递送系统可以诱导更强的免疫反应，同时降低生产成本和疫苗剂量。近年来，纳米技术在新型疫苗佐剂和纳米递送系统的开发中发挥了重要作用。生物可降解材料由于具有优异的生物相容性、生物可降解性和低毒性，在医学界也受到了广泛的关注，可以保护抗原不被降解，增加抗原稳定性并提供缓释；从而增强免疫原性。因此，可生物降解的纳米颗粒在疫苗配方中备受关注。在这篇综述中，我们概述了可生物降解纳米材料在开发更安全、更有效的疫苗方面的一些关键特征。对可生物降解纳米材料的性能、结构特征、优缺点进行系统综述。此外，还讨论了可生物降解纳米材料的应用、研究进展和未来前景。该综述将有助于未来旨在开发可生物降解的疫苗佐剂或递送载体的研究工作。
Vaccination is the most cost-effective and sustainable way to prevent and eliminate infectious diseases. Compared with traditional vaccines, novel vaccines have better stability, longer duration and require less antigen usage. In addition, novel vaccines have better immune effects and significantly less toxic side effects. However, both novel vaccines and traditional vaccines require carrier molecules or adjuvants to produce an optimal immune response. There is an increasing demand for vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems that can induce stronger immune response whilst reducing production cost and the dose of vaccine. In recent years, nanotechnology has played an important role in the development of novel vaccine adjuvants and nano-delivery systems. Biodegradable materials have also received a lot of attention in medical science because they have excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and low toxicity, which can protect antigens from degradation, increase antigen stability and provide slow release; resulting in enhanced immunogenicity. Therefore, biodegradable nanoparticles have attracted much attention in the formulation of vaccines. In this review, we outline some key features of biodegradable nanomaterials in the developing safer and more effective vaccines. The properties, structural characteristics, advantages and disadvantage of the biodegradable nanomaterials will be systematically reviewed. Additionally, applications, research progress and future prospects of biodegradable nanomaterials are discussed. This review will be help in future research work directed at developing biodegradable vaccine adjuvants or delivery carriers.