FEEDING ECOLOGY OF RED FOXES (VULPES-VULPES) IN THE CITY OF OXFORD, ENGLAND
FEEDING ECOLOGY OF RED FOXES (VULPES-VULPES) IN THE CITY OF OXFORD, ENGLAND
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DOI：
10.2307/1382166
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发表时间：
1990-05-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
MACDONALD, DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DONCASTER, CP;DICKMAN, CR;MACDONALD, DW
从1980年10月至1984年2月收集了1939只英国牛津市赤狐的粪便，对它们的饮食进行了分析。未消化残骸的干重包括拾取的食物(37%)、蚯蚓(27%)、哺乳动物(16%)、水果(9%)、鸟类(8%)、其他无脊椎动物(2%)和家畜(1%)。超过50%的样本中没有出现单一类别的食物。共鉴定了81种食物，其中鸟类5目，小型哺乳动物14种，水果14种。饮食的构成每月和季节都不同。小型哺乳动物在冬末达到顶峰，沼泽动物在4月达到顶峰，鸟类在6月达到顶峰；水果在秋季的饮食中占很大比例。水果、雀形目、鞘翅目和无脊椎动物幼虫粪便中的出现与这些猎物丰度指数的季节变化密切相关，这表明它们是按可获得性比例采取的。柱形目、环齿目和啮齿类动物没有这种直接的关系，这表明狐狸在某种程度上选择或反对这些食物与它们的丰度没有直接关系。
The diet of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) inhabiting the city of Oxford, England, was analyzed from 1,939 feces collected October 1980-February 1984. The dry weight of undigested remains comprised scavenged food (37%), earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris, 27%), mammals (16%), fruits (9%), birds (8%), other invertebrates (2%), and domestic stock (1%). No single category of food occurred in more than 50% of the samples. Eighty-one types of food were indentified, including five orders of birds, 14 species of small mammals, and 14 species of fruits. The composition of the diet varied monthly and seasonally. Small mammals peaked in late winter, lagomorphs in April, and birds in June; fruits constituted a large proportion of the diet in autumn. Occurrence in feces of fruits, Passeriformes, Coleoptera, and invertebrate larvae correlated strongly with seasonal variations in indices of the abundance of these prey, suggesting that they were taken in proportion to their availability. Columbiformes, lagomorphs, and rodents showed no such direct relationship, indicating that foxes selected for or against these foods in some way not directly related to their abundances as censused.