Individual behavioral variation in predator–prey models
Individual behavioral variation in predator–prey models
复制标题
捕食者-被捕食者模型中的个体行为差异
作者：
T. Okuyama
研究了个体行为变异在群落动态中的作用。本研究中的行为差异并不是指平均反应的差异（例如，存在和不存在反捕食者行为之间的平均反应）。相反，它指的是平均反应周围的变化，不能用琐碎的实验处理来解释。首先，基于Jensen不等式检验了行为变异的影响。在常用的II型功能反应建模框架中，忽略行为变异（遭遇率的一个组成部分）会导致对捕食效应的高估。这种偏见对社区过程的影响是通过将行为变化纳入常用的消费者-资源模型（Rosenzweig-MacArthur模型）来检验的。研究了这种考虑如何影响模型预测（富集悖论）。行为变化的包含可以在数量和质量上改变模型特征。相对于富集而言，行为变化可以大大增加群落的稳定性。
The role of individual behavioral variation in community dynamics was studied. Behavioral variation in this study does not refer to differences in average responses (e.g., average response between presence and absence of antipredator behavior). Rather it refers to the variation around the average response that is not explained by trivial experimental treatments. First, the effect of behavioral variation was examined based on Jensen’s inequality. In cases of commonly used modeling framework with type II functional response, neglecting behavioral variation (a component of encounter rate) causes overestimation of predation effects. The effect of this bias on community processes was examined by incorporating the behavioral variation in a commonly used consumer-resource model (Rosenzweig–MacArthur model). How such a consideration affects a model prediction (paradox of enrichment) was examined. The inclusion of behavioral variation can both quantitatively and qualitatively alter the model characteristics. Behavioral variation can substantially increase the stability of the community with respect to enrichment.