Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine hepatitis E virus
Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine hepatitis E virus
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.72.12.9714-9721.1998
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Emerson, SU
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meng, XJ;Halbur, PG;Emerson, SU
在最近发现猪戊型肝炎病毒（猪戊型肝炎病毒）从美国中西部的猪，戊型肝炎病毒不被认为是这个国家的地方病。由于猪戊型肝炎病毒在抗原性和遗传学上与人戊型肝炎病毒株相关，因此进一步表征这种新病毒非常重要。测定猪戊型肝炎病毒混合物在猪中的感染性滴度，以制备标准化试剂并评价猪中的剂量反应。虽然猪戊型肝炎病毒的序列与大多数人戊型肝炎病毒株的序列有很大差异，但它与美国分离的两种人戊型肝炎病毒株（US-1和US-2）非常接近。最近从美国两名临床戊型肝炎患者中回收的美国毒株在开放阅读框1和2中与猪HEV具有大于或等于97%的氨基酸同一性。对基因组不同区域的系统发育分析显示，猪戊型肝炎病毒和美国株聚在一起，形成了一个独特的分支。这些结果表明猪戊型肝炎病毒可以感染人类。当我们用猪戊型肝炎病毒接种恒河猴和黑猩猩时，灵长类动物被感染了。此外，在一项交互实验中，用与猪HEV基因相似的US-2人HEV株对无特定病原体的猪进行实验性感染。这些结果为猪病毒的跨种感染提供了实验依据。因此，人类似乎有感染猪戊型肝炎病毒或密切相关病毒的风险。
Prior to the recent discovery of the swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV) in pigs from the midwestern United States, HEV was not considered endemic to this country. Since swine HEV is antigenically and genetically related to human strains of HEV, it was important to characterize this new virus further. The infectivity titer of a pool of swine HEV in pigs was determined in order to prepare a standardized reagent and to evaluate the dose response in pigs. Although the sequence of swine HEV varied extensively from those of most human strains of HEV, it was very closely related to the two strains of human HEV (US-1 and US-2) isolated in the United States. The U.S. strains which were recently recovered from two patients with clinical hepatitis E in the United States shared greater than or equal to 97% amino acid identity with swine HEV in open reading frames 1 and 2. Phylogenetic analyses of different regions of the genome revealed that swine HEV and the U.S. strains grouped together and formed a distinct branch. These results suggested that swine HEV may infect humans. When we inoculated rhesus monkeys and a chimpanzee, experimental surrogates of humans, with swine HEV, the primates became infected. Furthermore, in a reciprocal experiment, specific-pathogen-free pigs were experimentally infected with the US-2 strain of human HEV that is genetically similar to swine HEV. These results provided experimental evidence for cross-species infection by the swine virus. Thus, humans appear to be at risk of infection with swine HEV or closely related viruses.