Development and Pilot Test of the Workplace Readiness Questionnaire, a Theory-Based Instrument to Measure Small Workplaces' Readiness to Implement Wellness Programs
Development and Pilot Test of the Workplace Readiness Questionnaire, a Theory-Based Instrument to Measure Small Workplaces' Readiness to Implement Wellness Programs
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DOI：
10.4278/ajhp.141204-quan-604
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Harris, Jeffrey R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hannon, Peggy A.;Helfrich, Christian D.;Harris, Jeffrey R.
目的。开发基于理论的调查问卷，以评估小型工作场所采用健康计划进行变革的准备情况。设计。在制定量表时，我们首先通过“出声思考”访谈来测试项目。我们在横断面定量电话调查中测试了修改后的项目。研究环境包括低工资行业的小型工作场所（20-250 名员工）。代表华盛顿州金县（n = 9）和美国（电话调查，n = 201）小型工作场所的决策者作为研究对象。我们为韦纳组织变革准备理论中的每个构建生成了项目。我们还测量了工作场所特征和工作场所健康计划的当前实施情况。分析。我们通过系数 alpha 评估了每个准备问卷子量表的可靠性。我们测试了所有子量表与雇主当前实施的健康政策、计划和沟通的关联，并进行了路径分析以测试组织变革准备理论中的关联。结果。每个准备子量表都表现出可接受的内部可靠性（系数 alpha 范围，0.75-0.88），并且与健康计划的实施呈正相关（p < .05）。路径分析与组织变革准备就绪理论一致，只是变革功效不能预测变革相关的努力。结论。我们开发了一份新的调查问卷来评估小型工作场所采用和实施循证健康计划的准备情况。我们的研究结果还为韦纳的变革准备理论提供了实证验证。
Purpose. To develop a theory-based questionnaire to assess readiness for change in small workplaces adopting wellness programs.Design. In developing our scale, we first tested items via "think-aloud" interviews. We tested the revised items in a cross-sectional quantitative telephone survey.Setting. The study setting comprised small workplaces (20-250 employees) in low-wage industries.Subjects. Decision-makers representing small workplaces in King County, Washington (think-aloud interviews, n = 9), and the United States (telephone survey, n = 201) served as study subjects.Measures. We generated items for each construct in Weiner's theory of organizational readiness for change. We also measured workplace characteristics and current implementation of workplace wellness programs.Analysis. We assessed reliability by coefficient alpha for each of the readiness questionnaire subscales. We tested the association of all subscales with employers' current implementation of wellness policies, programs, and communications, and conducted a path analysis to test the associations in the theory of organizational readiness to change.Results. Each of the readiness subscales exhibited acceptable internal reliability (coefficient alpha range, .75-.88) and was positively associated with wellness program implementation (p < .05). The path analysis was consistent with the theory of organizational readiness to change, except change efficacy did not predict change-related effort.Conclusion. We developed a new questionnaire to assess small workplaces' readiness to adopt and implement evidence-based wellness programs. Our findings also provide empirical validation of Weiner's theory of readiness for change.