The SAM domain-containing protein 1 (SAMD1) acts as a repressive chromatin regulator at unmethylated CpG islands.

The SAM domain-containing protein 1 (SAMD1) acts as a repressive chromatin regulator at unmethylated CpG islands.
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包含 SAM 结构域的蛋白 1 (SAMD1) 在未甲基化的 CpG 岛充当抑制性染色质调节因子

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abf2229
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发表时间:
2021-05
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Liefke R
Liefke R
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stielow B;Zhou Y;Cao Y;Simon C;Pogoda HM;Jiang J;Ren Y;Phanor SK;Rohner I;Nist A;Stiewe T;Hammerschmidt M;Shi Y;Bulyk ML;Wang Z;Liefke R

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SAMD1是一种新发现的抑制性CpG岛调节因子。CpG岛是大多数启动子中的关键调控DNA元件,但它们如何影响染色质状态和转录尚不清楚。在这里,我们鉴定并表征了SAMD1 (SAM结构域蛋白1)是一种未甲基化的cgi结合蛋白。SAMD1具有非典型的翼状螺旋结构域,通过与主槽和小槽的同时相互作用,直接识别未甲基化的含cpg的DNA。SAM结构域与L3MBTL3相互作用,但它也可以均聚成一个封闭的五聚体环。在全基因组水平上,SAMD1定位于h3k4me3修饰的cgi,在那里它作为一种抑制因子。SAMD1将L3MBTL3连接到染色质上,并与KDM1A组蛋白去甲基化酶复合物相互作用,调节cgi中的H3K4me2和H3K4me3水平,从而提供了SAMD1介导的转录抑制机制。SAMD1的缺失会损害胚胎干细胞的分化过程,导致关键生物学通路的失调。总之,我们的工作确定了SAMD1是一种新发现的染色质调节剂,作用于未甲基化的cgi。
SAMD1 is a newly identified repressive CpG island regulator. CpG islands (CGIs) are key regulatory DNA elements at most promoters, but how they influence the chromatin status and transcription remains elusive. Here, we identify and characterize SAMD1 (SAM domain-containing protein 1) as an unmethylated CGI-binding protein. SAMD1 has an atypical winged-helix domain that directly recognizes unmethylated CpG-containing DNA via simultaneous interactions with both the major and the minor groove. The SAM domain interacts with L3MBTL3, but it can also homopolymerize into a closed pentameric ring. At a genome-wide level, SAMD1 localizes to H3K4me3-decorated CGIs, where it acts as a repressor. SAMD1 tethers L3MBTL3 to chromatin and interacts with the KDM1A histone demethylase complex to modulate H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 levels at CGIs, thereby providing a mechanism for SAMD1-mediated transcriptional repression. The absence of SAMD1 impairs ES cell differentiation processes, leading to misregulation of key biological pathways. Together, our work establishes SAMD1 as a newly identified chromatin regulator acting at unmethylated CGIs.
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