Preliminary studies of the neurones of Auerbach's plexus using intracellular microelectrodes.
Preliminary studies of the neurones of Auerbach's plexus using intracellular microelectrodes.
复制标题
使用细胞内微电极对奥尔巴赫神经丛神经元进行初步研究。
DOI：
10.1038/icb.1972.76
复制
发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Spence
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Holman;G. Hirst;I. Spence
自古以来人们就知道，肠道在离开人体后仍会继续进行一系列复杂的运动。其中包括蠕动波，它有助于使乌邦继续前进。肠道内容物的运动。 Bayliss 和 Starling (1899) 是最早使用图形方法记录肠道蠕动的人之一。他们从麻醉狗的小肠研究中得出的结论之一是，“蠕动收缩是真正的协调反射，由机械刺激启动并由局部神经机制（奥克巴赫神经丛）执行”。后续工作 i) y，例如，特伦德伦堡 (Trendelenburg) (1917)。 Paton 和 Zaimis (1949)、Kosterlitz 和他的同事 (Kosterlitz 和 Lees, 1964) 已经证明，肠壁内的神经元能够在有序的事件中启动和协调两侧肠衣的收缩和松弛。人们普遍认为感觉神经元必须存在于肠道神经丛内。其中一些神经元的过程可能充当“拉伸”受体，响应片段体积或直径的增加（Kottegoda，1970）。其他感觉神经元可能会对其他类型的刺激（化学或机械）做出反应。我们对这些神经元对不同刺激的反应的特异性或其他方面知之甚少，它们的感受野未知，并且对它们适应持续刺激的方式一无所知。初级传入神经元（背根神经节细胞）的末端也存在于 gnt 壁内，这些神经元的侧枝可能与肠神经元相互作用。然而，毫无疑问，外在神经退化后仍然可以引起蠕动反射（Biilbring，Lin和Schofield，1958）。有充分的证据表明胆碱能神经元提供肠道的纵向层和环层的运动神经（Burnstock，1969）。还有充分的证据表明，两个肌肉层都提供有来自肠神经元的抑制性神经纤维。这里的抑制递质的性质是有争议的，thongii Burnstock (1972) 提供的证据表明它可能是三磷酸腺苷 (ATP)。 Bnrnstock 引入了“嘌呤能”一词来指代这些神经元。
It has been known sinee ancient times that intestines continue to undergo a series of complex movements after removal from the body; these include the peristaltic waves which help to bring ubont the onward tran. sport of the contents of the gut. Bayliss and Starling (1899) were among the first to use graphical methods to record intestinal motility. One of the conclusions they drew from their stndies oji the small intestine of anaesthetised dogs was that" peristaltic contractions are true co-ordinated reflexes, started by mechanical stimulation and carried out by the local nervous meclianisms (Aucrbach's plexus)". Subsequent work i) y, for example, Trendelenburg (1917). Paton and Zaimis (1949), Kosterlitz and his colleagues (Kosterlitz and Lees, 1964) has demonstrated that neurones within the wall of the gut are able to initiate and co-ordinate contraction and relaxation of both the mnscniar coats in an orderly secinence of events. There is general agrceinent that sensory neurones must exist within the nerve plexuses of the gut. Processes of some of these nenrones probably act as" stretch" receptors, responding to an increase in the volume or diameter of a segment (Kottegoda, 1970). Other sensory neurones may respond to other types of stimuli—chemical or mechanical. Very little is known of the specificity or otherwise of the responses of these neurones to different stimnli, their receptive fields are unknown and nothing is known about the way in which they adapt to continued stimulation. The terminals of primary afferent neurones (dorsal root ganglion cells) are also found within the wall of the gnt, and it is not impossible that collaterals from these neurones may interact with enteric neurones. However, there is no doubt that the peristaltic reflex can still be elicited after degeneration of extrinsie nerves (Biilbring, Lin and Schofield, 1958).There is good evidence that cholinergic neurones provide the motor inner-\'ation of both the loTigitudinal and circular layers of the gut (Burnstock, 1969). There is also good evidence that both musele layers are supplied with inhibitory nerve fibres arising from enterie neurones. The nature of the inhiliitory transmitter here is debatable, thongii Burnstock (1972) has provided evidence that it may be adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Bnrnstock has introduced the term'purinergic'to refer to these neurones.