Fast Beam Training With True-Time-Delay Arrays in Wideband Millimeter-Wave Systems
Fast Beam Training With True-Time-Delay Arrays in Wideband Millimeter-Wave Systems
复制标题
宽带毫米波系统中真实时延阵列的快速波束训练
DOI：
10.1109/tcsi.2021.3054428
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Veljko Boljanovic;Han Yan;Chung-Ching Lin;Soumen Mohapatra;D. Heo;Subhanshu Gupta;D. Cabric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Veljko Boljanovic;Han Yan;Chung-Ching Lin;Soumen Mohapatra;D. Heo;Subhanshu Gupta;D. Cabric
最佳波束转向方向是通过波束训练来估计的，这是毫米波和亚太赫兹通信中最重要和最具挑战性的任务之一。需要新颖的阵列架构和信号处理技术来避免与大型天线阵列和窄波束相关的过高的波束训练开销。在这项工作中，我们利用具有大延迟带宽产品的实时延迟（TTD）阵列的最新发展，使用频率相关的探测波束来加速波束训练。我们提出并研究了两种 TTD 架构候选方案，包括模拟阵列和混合模拟数字阵列，它们可以仅使用一个宽带导频来促进波束训练。我们还提出了一种合适的算法，需要单个导频来实现到达角的高精度估计。所提出的阵列架构在波束训练要求和性能、对实际硬件损伤的鲁棒性以及功耗方面进行了比较。研究结果表明，模拟和混合 TTD 阵列可实现亚度光束对准精度，且功耗分别比全数字阵列低 66% 和 25%。我们的结果在快速 TTD 波束训练中的基本系统参数、功耗和到达角估计精度之间产生了重要的设计权衡。
The best beam steering directions are estimated through beam training, which is one of the most important and challenging tasks in millimeter-wave and sub-terahertz communications. Novel array architectures and signal processing techniques are required to avoid prohibitive beam training overhead associated with large antenna arrays and narrow beams. In this work, we leverage recent developments in true-time-delay (TTD) arrays with large delay-bandwidth products to accelerate beam training using frequency-dependent probing beams. We propose and study two TTD architecture candidates, including analog and hybrid analog-digital arrays, that can facilitate beam training with only one wideband pilot. We also propose a suitable algorithm that requires a single pilot to achieve high-accuracy estimation of angle of arrival. The proposed array architectures are compared in terms of beam training requirements and performance, robustness to practical hardware impairments, and power consumption. The findings suggest that the analog and hybrid TTD arrays achieve a sub-degree beam alignment precision with 66% and 25% lower power consumption than a fully digital array, respectively. Our results yield important design trade-offs among the basic system parameters, power consumption, and accuracy of angle of arrival estimation in fast TTD beam training.