Characteristics, nature, and formation of palaeosurfaces within dunes on Fuerteventura

Characteristics, nature, and formation of palaeosurfaces within dunes on Fuerteventura
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富埃特文图拉岛沙丘内古地表的特征、性质和形成

DOI:
10.1017/qua.2018.52
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Zöller
Zöller
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roettig;Makowsky;Recio Espejo;Zöller

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富埃特文图拉岛上的古表面插入古沙丘田的外观是多方面的。虽然这些沙丘沉积物中的红色层可能表明发生了强烈的土壤形成过程,但干旱和母质(即大陆架起源的生物成因碳酸盐砂)的结合表明,强烈的土壤形成似乎不太可能。这些沉积物只代表了去石化和再石化过程。只有在火山成因和尘埃沉积物混合的情况下,进一步的土壤形成过程似乎是可能的。富含赤铁矿的撒哈拉尘埃使古地表呈现红色。此外,CaCO3涂层的铁颗粒似乎是沉积后浸出的粉尘成分,并转化为赤铁矿。总的来说,我们提出了更弱的土壤形成过程中更新世比以前假设的。我们的研究结果支持当地环境的相关性。陆棚成因的碳酸盐砂阻碍了坚固的土壤形成,分隔沙丘世代的红色层是古表面,主要由撒哈拉灰尘组成。在外来物质沉积之后,这些地层被弱成土过程所覆盖。古表层的形成主要取决于在有限的砂供给期间的形态动力学稳定期。我们的数据表明,过程具有以下顺序的周期性:(1)沙子积累,(2)灰尘积累和软弱土壤形成,以及(3)水引起的侵蚀。对于加那利群岛,我们支持的假设,冰川极大期的水分水平增加。结合海平面上升,我们建议,有利的条件下,表面稳定性发生后立即冰川最大期间开始海侵,而回归期后立即海平面高的立场似乎产生最高的砂供应的研究领域。
The appearances of palaeosurfaces intercalated into palaeo-dune fields on Fuerteventura are multifaceted. Although reddened layers in these dune sediments might suggest that strong soil-formation processes have taken place, the combination of aridity and parent material, namely biogenic carbonate sand of shelf origin, reveals that strong soil formation seems unlikely. These sediments rather represent de- and recalcification processes only. Solely in the case of admixed material of volcanic origin and dust deposits further soil-forming processes seem to be possible. Hematite-rich Saharan dust contributes to reddish colouration of the palaeosurfaces. In addition, CaCO3-coated iron particles appear to be ingredients of dust being leached after deposition and transformed to hematite. Overall, we propose much weaker soil-forming processes during the Pleistocene than previously postulated. Our findings support the relevance of local environments. Carbonate sands of shelf origin hinder strong soil formation and the reddish layers separating dune generations are palaeosurfaces, which mainly consist of Saharan dust. After deposition of allochthonous material, these layers are overprinted by weak soil-forming processes. The formation of palaeosurfaces primarily depends on morphodynamically stable periods during limited sand supply. Our data suggest a cyclicity of processes in the following order: (1) sand accumulation, (2) dust accumulation and weak soil formation, and (3) water-induced erosion. For the Canary Islands, we support the assumption of glacial maxima being periods of increased levels of moisture. In combination with rising sea level, we propose that favorable conditions of surface stability occur immediately after glacial maxima during periods of starting transgression, whereas regression periods immediately after sea-level high stands seem to yield the highest sand supply for the study area.
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