MECHANICS OF SPRINT RUNNING
MECHANICS OF SPRINT RUNNING
复制标题
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009595
复制
发表时间：
1971-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
MAZZOLENI, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CAVAGNA, GA;KOMAREK, L;MAZZOLENI, S
1. 通过测量身体从开始加速到约34公里/小时所做的机械功，研究了短跑中缩短速度对肌肉力量发展的影响。每一步的功都是由一个对脚施加的力敏感的平台所获得的数据来测量的。从开始算起的第一秒所做的功，几乎全部都是物体动能的增加。然而，随着跑步速度的提高，空气阻力，特别是身体向前的减速，在每一步发生，迅速增加，限制了跑步的速度。在最大速度达到3 - 4马力时，肌肉在每一步推进过程中产生的平均力量随着跑步速度的增加而增加。在低速时，肌肉的收缩部分似乎主要负责输出功率，而在高速时（25-34公里/小时），相当一部分功率似乎是由在拉伸收缩肌肉（负功）期间存储在“系列弹性元件”中的机械能维持的（负功），并在正功阶段立即释放。
1. The effect of the velocity of shortening on the power developed by the muscles in sprint running was studied by measuring the mechanical work done to accelerate the body forward from the start to about 34 km/hr.2. The work was measured at each step from the data obtained by means of a platform sensitive to the force impressed by the foot.3. Almost the totality of the positive work done during the first second from the start is found as an increase of the kinetic energy of the body. However, as the speed of the run rises, air resistance and particularly the deceleration of the body forward, taking place at each step, rapidly increase, limiting the speed of the run.4. The average power developed by the muscles during the push at each step increases with the velocity of running reaching 3‐4 h.p. at the maximal speed attained.5. At low speed the contractile component of the muscles seems to be mainly responsible for the power output, whereas at high speed (25–34 km/hr) an appreciable fraction of the power appears to be sustained by the mechanical energy stored in the ‘series elastic elements’ during stretching the contracted muscles (negative work) and released immediately after in the positive work phase.