The bacterial biogeography of British soils
The bacterial biogeography of British soils
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02480.x
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Whiteley, Andrew S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Griffiths, Robert I.;Thomson, Bruce C.;Whiteley, Andrew S.
尽管认识到土壤细菌对陆地生态系统功能的重要性，但对调节地下生物多样性的因素却很少达成共识。在这里，我们提出了英国土壤细菌群落概况的多尺度空间评估（bbb1000个土壤核），并展示了一个国家的细菌分布的第一个景观尺度地图。利用末端限制性片段长度多态性评估的细菌多样性和群落差异与土壤pH的关系最为密切，从而大规模证实了pH在细菌分类群结构中的作用。然而，alpha多样性与pH呈正相关，而beta多样性则相反（在alpha多样性的样本方差之间）。β多样性在酸性土壤中最大，与环境异质性相对应。对克隆文库的分析表明，pH效应主要表现在广泛的细菌类群水平上，酸性土壤中以少数类群为主（特别是1群酸杆菌和α变形菌）。我们还注意到细菌群落与大多数其他测量的环境变量（土壤化学、地上特征和气候变量）之间的显著相关性，以及近距离的显著空间相关性。特别是，细菌和植物群落密切相关，这表明没有强有力的证据表明土壤细菌是由不同的生态过程驱动的，这些生态过程控制着高等生物。我们的结论是，大范围的调查有助于识别不同的土壤生物群系，包括优势分类群的可繁殖群落。总之，这些结果提供了一个基本的生态框架，为未来的土壤微生物功能研究和更明确的基于生物群系的细菌生物多样性本地生态驱动因素评估提供了基础。
Despite recognition of the importance of soil bacteria to terrestrial ecosystem functioning there is little consensus on the factors regulating belowground biodiversity. Here we present a multi-scale spatial assessment of soil bacterial community profiles across Great Britain (> 1000 soil cores), and show the first landscape scale map of bacterial distributions across a nation. Bacterial diversity and community dissimilarities, assessed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, were most strongly related to soil pH providing a large-scale confirmation of the role of pH in structuring bacterial taxa. However, while alpha diversity was positively related to pH, the converse was true for beta diversity (between sample variance in alpha diversity). beta diversity was found to be greatest in acidic soils, corresponding with greater environmental heterogeneity. Analyses of clone libraries revealed the pH effects were predominantly manifest at the level of broad bacterial taxonomic groups, with acidic soils being dominated by few taxa (notably the group 1 Acidobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria). We also noted significant correlations between bacterial communities and most other measured environmental variables (soil chemistry, aboveground features and climatic variables), together with significant spatial correlations at close distances. In particular, bacterial and plant communities were closely related signifying no strong evidence that soil bacteria are driven by different ecological processes to those governing higher organisms. We conclude that broad scale surveys are useful in identifying distinct soil biomes comprising reproducible communities of dominant taxa. Together these results provide a baseline ecological framework with which to pursue future research on both soil microbial function, and more explicit biome based assessments of the local ecological drivers of bacterial biodiversity.