A Companion to W.V.O. Quine
A Companion to W.V.O. Quine
复制标题
W.V.O. 的伴侣
DOI：
10.1002/9781118607992.ch23
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith B
巴里C.史密斯：奎因和乔姆斯基关于语言的来龙去脉：W.V.O.奎因的思想对语言哲学产生了深远而持久的影响，尽管他与语言学科学保持了30多年的对立。他对诺姆·乔姆斯基的语言著作所引发的认知革命的拒绝，植根于一种根深蒂固的哲学信念，即语言是一种公众可以观察到的媒介。然而，奎因对自然化认识论的倡导应该使他倾向于尊重由于生成语法而取得的经验语言学的进步。乔姆斯基对斯金纳的《言语行为》的评论对语言研究中的行为主义进行了毁灭性的批判，并导致了后来关于语言现象的精神主义。但是奎因并没有改变他关于研究语言的正确方法的观点，也没有改变他对语言本质的看法。他反对乔姆斯基立场的理由值得重新考虑，因为它们是许多哲学家关于语言本质的观点的背景。这里要解决的问题是，奎因和乔姆斯基之间的争论是纯粹的哲学问题，还是如果更多地关注经验事实，这个问题就可以得到解决。
Barry C. Smith: Quine and Chomsky on the Ins and Outs of Language: W.V.O. Quine's thinking has had a profound and lasting influence on the philosophy of language despite the fact that he remained firmly at odds with the science of linguistics for over thirty years. His rejection of the cognitive revolution ushered in by Noam Chomsky's work on language was rooted in a deeply held philosophical conviction that language was a publicly observable medium. However, Quine's advocacy of naturalized epistemology should have inclined him to defer to advances in empirical linguistics due to generative grammar. Chomsky's review of Skinner's Verbal Behavior provided a devastating critique of behaviorism in the study of language and led to a subsequent mentalism about linguistic phenomena. But Quine did not revise his view about the proper way to study language, or his attendant view about the nature of language. His reasons for resisting Chomsky's position are worth reconsidering since they are in the background to many philosophers' views about the nature of language. The question addressed here is whether the dispute between Quine and Chomsky was a purely philosophical one, or whether it could have been resolved had greater attention been paid to the empirical facts.