Vitamin D Status and Supplementation in the Critically Ill.
Vitamin D Status and Supplementation in the Critically Ill.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11894-016-0492-2
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Miller, Keith R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McKinney, T J;Patel, Jayshil J;Miller, Keith R
Vitamin D deficiency has recently been recognized as a widespread global disorder. Generally considered a direct extension of malnutrition, even subclinical hypovitaminosis D is now recognized in adequately nourished populations. Compared to the general population, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is greater in the critically ill population. In fact, several studies have shown poorer outcomes in critically ill patients discovered to be vitamin D deficient or insufficient. Controversy persists regarding vitamin D measurements, quantity of supplementation, and appropriate target level in various populations. Vitamin D has a vital role in calcium homeostasis and extra-skeletal health, such as immune function. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation may have a role for improving outcomes in critically ill patients. In this review, we will first discuss the metabolism and function of vitamin D under normal physiologic conditions. We will then explore the prevalence and prognostic value of vitamin D deficiency in critical illness. Finally, we will examine recent trials focusing on appropriate dosing, route of administration, and outcomes associated with vitamin D supplementation in the ICU.
