Pharmacokinetics of nitrate in humans: role of gastrointestinal absorption and metabolism.
Pharmacokinetics of nitrate in humans: role of gastrointestinal absorption and metabolism.
复制标题
硝酸盐在人体中的药代动力学：胃肠道吸收和代谢的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/carcin/6.6.847
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tannenbaum,SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schultz,DS;Deen,WM;Karel,SF;Wagner,DA;Tannenbaum,SR
已经开发出一种模型来描述人体血液池对口服硝酸盐的反应。通过将三室模型的模拟与已发表的摄入硝酸盐后血液硝酸盐浓度的数据进行比较，估计小肠对硝酸盐的渗透面积乘积。通过添加一个代表大肠的额外隔室来检查硝酸盐从血流到大肠内腔的运输以及肠道细菌对硝酸盐的代谢。模拟表明，大肠细菌可能负责从体内肾外清除约一半的硝酸盐。通过比较常规大鼠和无菌大鼠腹腔注射后尿液中 15NO3− 的回收率，对这一预测进行了实验测试。 Na15Na3的剂量。 gennfree 大鼠的平均尿液回收率（剂量的 71%）大大超过了常规细菌菌群大鼠的平均尿液回收率（54%）。这表明，40-45% 的硝酸盐剂量在体内代谢，而不是以硝酸盐形式从尿液中排出，其中大约 naif 通过哺乳动物过程代谢，大约一半通过肠道细菌代谢。这一结论与我们从人体硝酸盐药代动力学模型中获得的结论一致。
A model to describe the response of the blood pool to an oral dose of nitrate in humans has been developed. The permeability-area product of the small intestine to nitrate was estimated by comparing simulations from a three-compartment model with published data for blood nitrate concentration following nitrate ingestion. The transport of nitrate firom the bloodstream to the lumen of the large intestine and the metabolism of nitrate by enteric bacteria were examined by including an additional compartment representing the large bowel. The simulations indicate that the bacteria of the large intestine may be responsible for about half of the extrarenal removal of nitrate from the body. This prediction was tested experimentally by comparing the urinary recoveries of15NO3−in conventional and germfree rats following an i.p. dose of Na15Na3. The mean urinary recovery in gennfree rats (71% of dose) substantially exceeded that in rats with conventional bacterial flora (54%). This suggests that of the 40 – 45% of a nitrate dose that is metabolized in the body rather than excreted in urine as nitrate, approximately naif is metabolized by mammalian processes and approximately half by enteric bacteria. This conclusion is consistent with that obtained from our pharmacokinetic model of nitrate in humans.