Active genetics comes alive: Exploring the broad applications of CRISPR-based selfish genetic elements (or gene-drives): Exploring the broad applications of CRISPR-based selfish genetic elements (or gene-drives).
Active genetics comes alive: Exploring the broad applications of CRISPR-based selfish genetic elements (or gene-drives): Exploring the broad applications of CRISPR-based selfish genetic elements (or gene-drives).
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.202100279
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发表时间：
2022-08
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影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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2015年开发的基于CRISPR的“活性遗传”元件绕过了传统遗传学的基本规则。这种自私的遗传实体以超孟德尔的方式遗传，提供了各种潜在的应用，包括：基因驱动，以在整个昆虫种群中传播携带所需性状的基因盒以控制疾病载体或害虫物种，等位基因驱动偏向优选等位基因变体的遗传，中和遗传元件以删除和替换或停止基因驱动的传播，在不同的基因组位置插入核心组分Cas9内切核酸酶和指导RNA（gRNA）组分的分裂驱动，以加速遗传性状的复杂阵列的组装或获得进入新生物体的遗传入口（脊椎动物、植物、细菌）和体细胞中基于同源物间的复制系统，以开发用于治疗遗传性或感染性疾病的工具。在这里，我们总结了在所有这些方面取得的实质性进展，并期待着这个迅速扩大和有影响力的领域的下一阶段。
CRISPR-based “active genetic” elements developed in 2015 bypassed the fundamental rules of traditional genetics. Inherited in a super-Mendelian fashion, such selfish genetic entities offered a variety of potential applications including: gene-drives to disseminate gene cassettes carrying desired traits throughout insect populations to control disease vectors or pest species, allelic drives biasing inheritance of preferred allelic variants, neutralizing genetic elements to delete and replace or to halt the spread of gene-drives, split-drives with the core constituent Cas9 endonuclease and guide RNA (gRNA) components inserted at separate genomic locations to accelerate assembly of complex arrays of genetic traits or to gain genetic entry into novel organisms (vertebrates, plants, bacteria), and inter-homolog based copying systems in somatic cells to develop tools for treating inherited or infectious diseases. Here, we summarize the substantial advances that have been made on all of these fronts and look forward to the next phase of this rapidly expanding and impactful field.
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