Wing scale ultrastructure underlying convergent and divergent iridescent colours in mimetic Heliconius butterflies.
Wing scale ultrastructure underlying convergent and divergent iridescent colours in mimetic Heliconius butterflies.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsif.2017.0948
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发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nadeau NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Parnell AJ;Bradford JE;Curran EV;Washington AL;Adams G;Brien MN;Burg SL;Morochz C;Fairclough JPA;Vukusic P;Martin SJ;Doak S;Nadeau NJ
彩虹色是一种光学现象，颜色随照明和视角而变化。它可以通过薄膜干涉或衍射产生。虹彩光学结构在自然界中相当常见，但对它们的产生或演化知之甚少。在这里，我们描述的结构负责生产蓝绿色虹彩颜色Heliconius蝴蝶。总的来说，虹彩和非虹彩Heliconius物种的翅膀鳞片结构非常相似，都有由交叉肋连接的纵向脊。然而，虹彩鳞片有由层状薄片组成的脊，它们充当多层反射器。物种之间亮度的差异可以通过薄片的重叠程度和曲率以及鳞片上脊的密度来解释。Heliconius以其Müllerian拟态而闻名。我们发现，彩虹色的结构颜色是不密切匹配的共同模仿物种之间。差异似乎不太明显的Heliconius视觉模型比模型的鸟类视觉，这表明他们不是由选择，以避免异性求爱的共同模仿。山脊轮廓似乎演变相对缓慢，是相似的密切相关的类群之间，而山脊密度演变较快，是相似的远亲之间的共同模仿。
Iridescence is an optical phenomenon whereby colour changes with the illumination and viewing angle. It can be produced by thin film interference or diffraction. Iridescent optical structures are fairly common in nature, but relatively little is known about their production or evolution. Here we describe the structures responsible for producing blue-green iridescent colour in Heliconius butterflies. Overall the wing scale structures of iridescent and non-iridescent Heliconius species are very similar, both having longitudinal ridges joined by cross-ribs. However, iridescent scales have ridges composed of layered lamellae, which act as multilayer reflectors. Differences in brightness between species can be explained by the extent of overlap of the lamellae and their curvature as well as the density of ridges on the scale. Heliconius are well known for their Müllerian mimicry. We find that iridescent structural colour is not closely matched between co-mimetic species. Differences appear less pronounced in models of Heliconius vision than models of avian vision, suggesting that they are not driven by selection to avoid heterospecific courtship by co-mimics. Ridge profiles appear to evolve relatively slowly, being similar between closely related taxa, while ridge density evolves faster and is similar between distantly related co-mimics.