Individual rights over public good? The future of anthropometric monitoring of school children in the fight against obesity
Individual rights over public good? The future of anthropometric monitoring of school children in the fight against obesity
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DOI：
10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02316.x
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发表时间：
2009-02-02
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Achat, Helen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stubbs, Joanne M.;Achat, Helen M.
现有证据表明，儿童超重和肥胖率在过去二十年中一直在增加，但研究方法之间的不一致削弱了这一证据的强度。伴随的健康问题和相关成本使得必须采取一级预防举措来对抗肥胖流行。知情行动的基础是人体测量监测，如果实施得当，将识别特定人群随时间的变化，为旨在预防和治疗的政策、实践和服务提供信息。样本代表性对于有效的趋势和患病率数据至关重要，但要努力获得低参与率阻碍了学童在获得所需家长书面同意的情况下获得基于人口的人体测量数据。当地和国际研究表明，使用选择退出同意（除非另有说明，否则假定参与）时，参与率显着提高。选择退出同意可以促进人体测量监测，为肥胖流行提供更知情、最物有所值的应对措施。健康和教育伦理委员会需要承认选择退出同意对“低风险”人体测量测量的好处，这最终维护了个人的权利。
Available evidence indicates that rates of childhood overweight and obesity have been increasing over the past two decades, but inconsistencies between study methods moderate the strength of this evidence.Concomitant health problems and associated costs make it imperative that primary prevention initiatives are introduced to combat the obesity epidemic.Fundamental to informed action is anthropometric monitoring, which if properly implemented will identify changes over time in specific populations to inform policies, practices and services aimed at prevention and treatment.Sample representativeness is essential for valid trend and prevalence data, but efforts to obtain population-based anthropometric data from school children with the required written parental consent have been thwarted by low participation rates.Notable improvements in participation rates when utilising opt-out consent, in which participation is assumed unless otherwise indicated, are evident from local as well as international studies. Opt-out consent can facilitate anthropometric monitoring, delivering a more informed, best-value-for-money response to the obesity epidemic.Health and education ethics committees need to acknowledge the benefits of opt-out consent for "low-risk" anthropometric measurement, which ultimately upholds the individual's rights.