Cholinesterases and the fine line between poison and remedy.
Cholinesterases and the fine line between poison and remedy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.044
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发表时间：
2018-07
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Brimijoin S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope CN;Brimijoin S
乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE，EC 3.1.1.7）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE，EC 3.1.1.8）是在动物界中发现的相关酶。乙酰胆碱酯酶在神经传递中的关键作用已为人所知近一个世纪，但丁酰胆碱酯酶的生理作用才刚刚显现。胆碱酯酶已被有意地作为治疗靶点和毒性靶点，胆碱酯酶抑制剂在临床上用于多种疾病的治疗，相反，由于其作为农药和化学武器的毒性潜力也受到关注。胆碱酯酶（ChEs）的非催化功能参与神经发育和疾病过程。对这些酶的催化活性或结构进行调控，可能会在众多生理过程中改变有益和有害影响之间的平衡。
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) are related enzymes found across the animal kingdom. The critical role of acetylcholinesterase in neurotransmission has been known for almost a century, but a physiological role for butyrylcholinesterase is just now emerging. The cholinesterases have been deliberately targeted for both therapy and toxicity, with cholinesterase inhibitors being used in the clinic for a variety of disorders and conversely for their toxic potential as pesticides and chemical weapons. Non-catalytic functions of the cholinesterases (ChEs) participate in both neurodevelopment and disease. Manipulating either the catalytic activities or the structure of these enzymes can potentially shift the balance between beneficial and adverse effect in a wide number of physiological processes.
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