Global dispersal and diversification in ground beetles of the subfamily Carabinae
Global dispersal and diversification in ground beetles of the subfamily Carabinae
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107355
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发表时间：
2021-11-19
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hori，Michio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sota，Teiji;Takami，Yasuoki;Hori，Michio
目前广泛分布于各大洲的生物谱系的起源和多样化过程是探索全球物种多样性进化历史的一个有趣课题。步甲亚科的地面甲虫除了一个谱系外不会飞，但在除南极洲外的所有大陆都有出现。在这里，我们使用的序列数据从ultraconserved元素重建的步甲，分歧时间，地理历史，祖先状态的后翅和物种形成率的变化。研究结果表明，步甲亚科起源于美洲，在晚侏罗世至晚白垩世期间分化为四个族，其中两个族分布在南美洲（Celoglossini）和澳大拉西亚（Pamborini），两个族分布在劳亚大陆（Cychrini和Carabini）。祖先的步甲亚科被推断为有翼;四个部落中的三个（Cychrini，Ceglossini和Pamborini）已经完全失去了后翼和飞行能力。剩下的部落Carabini在渐新世分化为Carabina（无翼）和Calosomina（有翼）亚部落。Carabina起源于欧洲，分布于欧亚大陆，并多样化为约1000种，约占所有Carabinae物种的60%。能够飞行的丽鱼从北美洲或欧亚大陆分散到南美洲、澳大利亚和非洲，然后在海洋岛屿和大陆高地上进化出不能飞行的谱系。在欧亚大陆的Cychrini和Carabini分支的物种形成率增加。在卡拉比尼，物种形成率是较高的无翼比有翼的国家。我们的研究表明，步甲亚科的全球分布是古冈瓦纳大陆解体前的扩散和近代的全球飞行扩散的结果。这些模式说明了地理历史，进化的不飞，全球分布和物种多样性的Carabinae的因果关系。
The origin and diversification process of lineages of organisms that are currently widely distributed among continents is an interesting subject for exploring the evolutionary history of global species diversity. Ground beetles of the subfamily Carabinae are flightless except for one lineage, but nevertheless occur on all continents except Antarctica. Here, we used sequence data from ultraconserved elements to reconstruct the phylogeny, divergence time, biogeographical history, ancestral state of hind wings and changes in the speciation rate of Carabinae. Our results show that Carabinae originated in the Americas and diversified into four tribes during the period from the late Jurassic to the late Cretaceous, with two in South America (Celoglossini) and Australasia (Pamborini) and two in Laurasia (Cychrini and Carabini). The ancestral Carabinae were inferred to be winged; three of four tribes (Cychrini, Ceglossini and Pamborini) have completely lost their hind wings and flight capability. The remaining tribe, Carabini, diverged into the subtribes Carabina (wingless) and Calosomina (winged) in the Oligocene. Carabina originated in Europe, spread over Eurasia and diversified into approximately 1000 species, accounting for around 60% of all Carabinae species. Calosomina that were flight-capable dispersed from North America or Eurasia to South America, Australia, and Africa, and then flightless lineages evolved on oceanic islands and continental highlands. The speciation rate increased in the Cychrini and Carabini clades in Eurasia. Within Carabini, the speciation rate was higher for wingless than winged states. Our study showed that the global distribution of Carabinae resulted from ancient dispersal before the breakup of Gondwana and more recent dispersal through flight around the world. These patterns consequently illustrate the causal relationships of geographical history, evolution of flightlessness, and the global distribution and species diversity of Carabinae.