RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MICROBIAL DISTRIBUTIONS AND THE ANAEROBIC DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC-MATTER IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF LONG-ISLAND SOUND, USA
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MICROBIAL DISTRIBUTIONS AND THE ANAEROBIC DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC-MATTER IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF LONG-ISLAND SOUND, USA
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00390591
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
YINGST, JY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ALLER, RC;YINGST, JY
比较了美国长岛海湾中部两个站位表层10 cm沉积物中有机质厌氧分解的相对速率。对不连续深度段的沉积物样品进行缺氧培养，测定SO42-、NH4+、细菌数量、可提取的ATP、有机质和有机碳随时间和温度的变化。在两个站点(.apprx.15和.apprx。计算得到的SO42-还原速率和NH4+产生量随着沉积物-水界面以下深度的增加呈指数递减。ATP浓度下降了.apprx倍。细菌数量减少了2-3倍。SO42-还原、NH4+产生、细菌数量和ATP的减少反映了微生物种群的生理状态随沉积物深度的变化，与沉积物表面以下易利用有机质的数量迅速变化和食物限制控制微生物活动的基本深度分布的理论一致。平均NH4+产量相差.apprx倍。2在两个站位，反映了提供给沉积物表面的有机质的C/N比的差异，以及每个站点大型动物对颗粒进行再加工的差异。SO42-还原的表观活化能为19.+-。1千卡/摩尔，NH4+产生量为18.+-。3千卡/摩尔。支持计算出的最高10厘米SO42-还原速率所需的碳总量为每年23gCm-2，相当于.apprx。36%的碳每年可提供给底栖生物和.apprx。水柱中净初级生产量的11%。
Relative rates of the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in the upper 10 cm of sediment from 2 stations in central Long Island Sound, USA, were compared. Sediment samples from discrete depth intervals were incubated anoxically and changes in SO42-, NH4+, bacterial numbers, extractable ATP, organic matter and organic C were measured as a function of time and temperature. At both stations (.apprx. 15 and .apprx. 34 m water-depths, respectively), the calculated rates of SO42- reduction and NH4+ production decreased exponentially (approximately) with depth below the sediment-water interface. ATP concentrations dropped by a factor of .apprx. 6 to 7 and bacterial numbers were lower by a factor of 2-3. These decreases in SO42- reduction, NH4+ production, bacterial numbers and ATP, reflect a change in the physiological state of microbial populations with depth in the sediment and are consistent with the theory that the quantity of easily utilizable organic matter changes rapidly below the sediment surface and that food limitation controls the basic depth distribution of microbial activity. Average NH4+ production differs by a factor of .apprx. 2 at the 2 stations, reflecting differences in the C:N ratio of the organic matter supplied to the sediment surface and differences in particle reworking by macrofauna at each site. The apparent activation energy of SO42- reduction was 19 .+-. 1 kcal/mol and that of NH4+ production, 18 .+-. 3 kcal/mol. The overall quantity of C required to support the calculated average SO42- reduction rate in the top 10 cm is 23 g C m-2 per yr and represents .apprx. 36% of all C available to the benthos annually and .apprx. 11% of the net primary production in the water column.