An investigation of aspects of mine waste from a kyanite mine, Central Virginia, USA
An investigation of aspects of mine waste from a kyanite mine, Central Virginia, USA
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对美国弗吉尼亚州中部蓝晶石矿的矿山废物的各个方面进行调查
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Maynard
中科院分区：
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作者：
M. Krekeler;C. Allen;L. Kearns;J. Maynard
蓝晶石矿业公司，位于迪尔温，弗吉尼亚州已经运作了50多年，他们的当地业务是世界上最大的蓝晶石矿山。作为处理的一部分，在这个位置，产生了一个磁分离，并积累了至少357万吨的废物估计。目前还没有发现磁性分离的用途。我们调查了8个有代表性的磁性矿山废物样品，这些样品的颜色从深褐色到黑色不等，以确定这些废物是否可以作为矿石回收利用，或者可以用作环境介质。矿物学调查表明，磁铁矿废物的成分主要是磁铁矿，蓝晶石，少量的赤铁矿和木炭。磁铁矿以细粒晶体和蓝晶石中的包裹体形式出现。赤铁矿主要以葡萄状结构、离散颗粒和蓝晶石颗粒上的涂层形式出现。直径约5-100 µm的氧化铁球很常见，在某些样品中可能高达10%。很少观察到二氧化钛作为硅酸盐矿物颗粒上的涂层。对磁铁矿晶体的能量色散谱分析表明，它们具有端元成分。整体性能研究表明，样品的粒度分布主要是单峰的，20-40%的材料在0.600和0.250 mm之间。研究样品的导水率值在0.0036和0.0077 cm/s之间变化，与具有相似粒度分布的砂的预期值大致一致。除了磁性废物流之外，还在巨石表面形成一层淡蓝色、水溶性、无定形硫酸铜。涂层由直径为5-60 μm的圆形联锁颗粒组成。这种物质对淡水无脊椎动物有一定的环境影响，但可以使用吸附介质进行管理。收集了磁性分离物、蓝晶石矿石样品和浅蓝色硫酸铜的高光谱数据。蓝晶石矿石、蓝色矿物涂层以及两者的混合物的特征提供了成像光谱仪可以用于快速检测和随后的环境监测的光谱指纹。
Kyanite Mining Corporation, located in Dillwyn, Virginia has been in operation for over 50 years and their local operation is the largest kyanite mine in the world. As part of the processing at this location, a magnetic separate is generated and a minimum estimation of 3.57 million tons of waste has accumulated. Currently no use for the magnetic separate has been identified. We investigated eight representative samples of the magnetic mine waste which varied in color from a dark tan to black, to determine if the waste could be recycled as an ore or could be used as an environmental media. Mineralogical investigations indicate the composition of the magnetic mine waste is dominated by magnetite, kyanite, lesser amounts of hematite and charcoal. Magnetite occurs as fine grained crystals and as inclusions in kyanite. Hematite occurs largely as botryoidal textures, as discrete grains, and as coatings on kyanite grains. Fe-oxide spheres ranging in diameter from approximately 5–100 µm are common and may compose up to 10% in some samples. Titanium dioxide was rarely observed as coatings on silicate mineral grains. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis on magnetite crystals indicates they have end-member compositions. Bulk property investigations indicate that grain size distributions of samples are primarily unimodal with 20–40% of material being between 0.600 and 0.250 mm. Hydraulic conductivity values of samples investigated vary between 0.0036 and 0.0077 cm/s and are broadly consistent with those expected of sands with similar grain size distributions. In addition to the magnetic waste stream a light blue, water soluble, amorphous Cu sulfate occurs as a coating on surfaces of boulders. The coating is composed of rounded interlocking particles 5–60 μm in diameter. This material is of some environmental concern for freshwater invertebrates, but can be managed using sorption media. Hyperspectral data were gathered of the magnetic separate, kyanite ore samples, and the light blue Cu sulfate. The signatures of the kyanite ore, the blue mineral coating, and a mixture of the two provide spectral fingerprints that an imaging spectrometer could exploit for rapid detection and subsequent environmental monitoring.