Toward a psychology of positive youth development.
Toward a psychology of positive youth development.
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走向积极的青年发展心理学。
DOI：
10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.170
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Larson,RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Larson,RW
本文分析了主动性的发展，作为许多学习经验中的一个范例，应该作为积极青年发展的一部分来研究。在我们的社会中，主动行动的能力对成年人来说是必不可少的，在21世纪将变得更加重要，但青少年很少有机会学习它。他们在课业和非结构化休闲中的典型经历并不能反映学习主动性的条件。最适合发展主动性的环境似乎是有组织的志愿活动，如体育、艺术和参加组织，在这些活动中，青年体验到内在动机与深切关注的罕见结合。一项不完整的结果研究表明，这些活动与积极的发展有关，但所涉及的发展过程才刚刚开始被理解。一种有希望的方法是记录语言的使用，并发现参与有效组织的青少年习得一种新的操作语言，这种语言似乎与主动性的发展相对应。
This article analyzes the development of initiative as an exemplar of one of many learning experiences that should be studied as part of positive youth development. The capacity for initiative is essential for adults in our society and will become more important in the 21st century, yet adolescents have few opportunities to learn it. Their typical experiences during schoolwork and unstructured leisure do not reflect conditions for learning initiative. The context best suited to the development of initiative appears to be that of structured voluntary activities, such as sports, arts, and participation in organizations, in which youths experience the rare combination of intrinsic motivation in combination with deep attention. An incomplete body of outcome research suggests that such activities are associated with positive development, but the developmental processes involved are only beginning to be understood. One promising approach has recorded language use and has found that adolescents participating in effective organizations acquire a new operating language that appears to correspond to the development of initiative.