Attitudinal Effects of Stimulus Co-occurrence and Stimulus Relations: Paradoxical Effects of Cognitive Load
Attitudinal Effects of Stimulus Co-occurrence and Stimulus Relations: Paradoxical Effects of Cognitive Load
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DOI：
10.1177/01461672211044322
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bertram Gawronski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertram Gawronski
研究表明，对一个物体的评价可以受到以下因素的共同影响：（a）物体与令人愉快或不愉快的刺激（例如，对象A和负面事件B的单纯共现）和（B）对象与共现刺激的特定关系（例如，对象A启动与停止负事件B）。三个实验研究了学习过程中认知负荷对刺激共现效应和刺激关系效应的影响。反对共享的预测竞争理论表明，刺激关系的影响应减少认知负荷在学习过程中，刺激关系的影响更大（而不是更小）在高负荷下相比，低负荷条件。刺激共现效应不受认知负荷的显著影响。结果进行了讨论的理论表明，认知负荷可以影响行为的结果，通过战略转移资源分配，以响应特定任务的启示。
Research suggests that evaluations of an object can be jointly influenced by (a) the mere co-occurrence of the object with a pleasant or unpleasant stimulus (e.g., mere co-occurrence of object A and negative event B) and (b) the object’s specific relation to the co-occurring stimulus (e.g., object A starts vs. stops negative event B). Three experiments investigated the impact of cognitive load during learning on the effects of stimulus co-occurrence and stimulus relations. Counter to the shared prediction of competing theories suggesting that effects of stimulus relations should be reduced by cognitive load during learning, effects of stimulus relations were greater (rather than smaller) under high-load compared with low-load conditions. Effects of stimulus co-occurrence were not significantly affected by cognitive load. The results are discussed in terms of theories suggesting that cognitive load can influence behavioral outcomes via strategic shifts in resource allocation in response to task-specific affordances.