The social pathology of syphilis in Africans
The social pathology of syphilis in Africans
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非洲人梅毒的社会病理学
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kark Sl
中科院分区：
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作者：
Kark Sl
南非的梅毒问题与该国的发展密切相关，因此研究导致梅毒传播的社会因素可能有助于控制梅毒。很少有国家的疾病发病率比南非高。表 1 表明了问题的严重程度。这些数据包括男性、女性、儿童和婴儿的样本研究。它们表明了梅毒向城市和农村地区传播的程度。在 Kark 和 le Riche 5 1938-1939 年检查的学童中，整个城市群体中 Wassermann 测试肯定阳性的发生率为 23.6%，所有农村地区为 23.28%。 Cluver 的数据 2 以及 Polela 小组的数据 6 也表明，梅毒在农村地区可能与在城市地区一样普遍。 Gale 10估计，根据接受治疗的早期病例的发生情况判断，彼得马里茨堡非洲人每年的感染率为每10万人中2620人。作者于 1942 年在 Polela 6 进行的一项抽样研究表明，根据具有原发性和继发性表现以及近期感染史的已知病例的发生率估计，成年女性的年感染率为 3.27%。在 Springs 11，卫生官员（1940 年）注意到的新病例率为每 10 万人中有 2061 例，其中每 10 万人中有 577 例是早期病例。珀塞尔 11 日在简要回顾了南非不同欧洲人和非欧洲人群体的梅毒发病率后指出，“欧盟的梅毒发病率是巨大的”。我们目前的审查表明，我们不仅要应对非洲人口中大量的潜伏梅毒，而且每年新发感染的发生率也非常高。这一过程正在高度城市化的地区以及更偏远的农村地区进行。因此，对该疾病的社会病理学的研究必须包括历史分析以及对维持梅毒传播的当前趋势的评估。
The problem of syphilis in South Africa is so closely related to the development of the country that a study of the social factors responsible for its spread is likely to assist in its control. Few countries can have a higher incidence of the disease than has South Africa. Table 1 indicates the extent of the problem. The data include sample studies of men, women, children and babies. They indicate the extent which syphilis has spread to urban and rural areas. In the school children examined by Kark and le Riche 5 in 1938‐1939, the incidence of definitely positive Wassermann tests in the total urban group was 23.6%, and in all rural areas it was 23.28%. Cluver’s figures, 2 as well as those of the Polela group, 6 also indicate that syphilis is probably as widespread in rural areas as it is in urban areas. Gale 10 estimated that the rate of infection per year in Pietermaritzburg Africans was 2620 per 100 000 as judged by the occurrence of early cases under treatment. A sample study, carried out by the author at Polela 6 in 1942, indicated the annual rate of infection in adult women to be 3.27%, estimated by the incidence of known cases exhibiting primary and secondary manifestations, with a recent history of infection. At Springs 11 the rate of new cases coming to the notice of the Medical Officer of Health (1940) was 2061 per 100 000, of which 577 per 100 000 were early cases. Purcell, 11 after briefly reviewing the incidence of syphilis in various groups of Europeans and non-Europeans in South Africa, indicated that ‘the incidence of syphilis in the Union is enormous’. Our present review indicates that not only are we dealing with a large mass of latent syphilis in the African populations, but also with a very high incidence of new infections each year. This process is taking place in highly urbanized areas, as well as in the more remote rural districts. A study of the social pathology of the disease must, therefore, include an historical analysis, as well as an assessment of present trends which are maintaining the spread of syphilis.