Stem-Cell Therapy as a Potential Strategy for Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
Stem-Cell Therapy as a Potential Strategy for Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
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DOI：
10.1007/s12015-020-09984-7
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发表时间：
2020-05-16
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Li, Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chu, Chengyan;Gao, Yue;Li, Shen
放射治疗是原发性脑肿瘤和转移瘤的标准且有效的非手术治疗方法。然而，这种策略不可避免地会导致正常脑组织的损伤，引起严重的并发症，尤其是迟发性认知障碍。由于辐射的病理作用是多因素且复杂的，目前对受辐射脑部缺乏有效的预防和恢复治疗方法。几十年来，干细胞疗法因其独特的组织修复和功能完整性能力，在中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的治疗中具有广阔的前景。目前，人们越来越关注使用干细胞作为减轻辐射不利影响的新选择。在本综述中，我们讨论了最近的研究，这些研究评估了受辐射大脑的干细胞疗法及其对改善辐射相关脑损伤的治疗效果，以及它们在临床应用中的潜在挑战。我们在辐射引起的中枢神经系统损伤的发病机制的背景下讨论这些工作，试图阐明移植干细胞逆转辐射引起的退行性过程的潜在机制。
Radiation therapy is a standard and effective non-surgical treatment for primary brain tumors and metastases. However, this strategy inevitably results in damage of normal brain tissue, causing severe complications, especially the late-delayed cognitive impairment. Due to the multifactorial and complex pathological effects of radiation, there is a lack of effective preventative and restorative treatments for the irradiated brain. Stem-cell therapy has held considerable promise for decades in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders because of its unique capacity for tissue repair and functional integrity. Currently, there is growing interest in using stem cells as a novel option to attenuate the adverse effects of irradiation. In the present review, we discuss recent studies evaluating stem-cell therapies for the irradiated brain and their therapeutic effects on ameliorating radiation-related brain injury as well as their potential challenges in clinical applications. We discuss these works in context of the pathogenesis of radiation-induced injury to CNS tissue in an attempt to elucidate the potential mechanisms of engrafted stem cells to reverse radiation-induced degenerative processes.