School lunch program for health promotion among children in Japan.
School lunch program for health promotion among children in Japan.
复制标题
日本儿童健康促进学校午餐计划。
DOI：
10.6133/apjcn.2012.21.1.22
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
M. Miyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nobuko Tanaka;M. Miyoshi
在日本，目前的学校午餐计划是根据1954年颁布的《学校午餐法》实施的。学校午餐计划的主要目的是促进学童身心健康发展。后来，《学校午餐法》在2008年进行了修订，其目的改为“促进Shokuiku”。截至2009年5月，约有1 000万学童参加学校午餐计划。这个项目本身就是一个教育活动。学生们负责供应午餐和清理盘子。他们还可以通过与同学一起吃饭来学习适当的礼仪。此外，亦可透过学习每餐的菜谱，加深对均衡饮食及饮食文化的认识。近年来，随着成年人和学龄儿童中饮食失调和肥胖症的增加，人们越来越关注与生活方式有关的疾病的发展。在这种情况下，2005年颁布了《Shokuiku基本法》。此外，为了加强学童的营养知识，文部科学省于2007年4月建立了饮食和营养教师制度。据报告，在设有饮食和营养教师的学校中，在教师和监护人对饮食的认识和兴趣方面产生了积极影响。另据报道，不吃早餐的儿童比例有所下降，生活质量有所提高。因此，日本的学校午餐制度对于培养下一代健康的身心至关重要。
In Japan, the present school lunch program has been implemented under the "School Lunch Act" enacted in 1954. The main purpose of the school lunch program is to promote healthy development of the minds and bodies of school children. Later, "The School Lunch Act" was revised in 2008 and its aim was changed to "promoting Shokuiku". As of May 2009, approximately 10 million school children participate in the school lunch program. This program itself is an educational activity. School children are responsible for serving lunch and clearing the dishes. They could also learn proper manners, by having meals together with classmates. Furthermore, understanding of balanced diet and food culture can be enhanced through learning the menu of each meal. Recently, as eating disorders and obesity increase among adults and school children, there is rising concern on development of lifestyle-related diseases. Under this circumstance, the Basic Law on Shokuiku was enacted in 2005. Besides, in order to enhance Shokuiku to school children, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology established the Diet and Nutrition Teacher System in April 2007. It is reported that, in those schools with Diet and Nutrition Teachers, a positive impact has been observed in terms of awareness and interest in diet among teachers and guardians. It is also reported that proportion of children skipping breakfast has decreased, and quality of life has been improved. In this way, the Japanese school lunch program system is essential for fostering healthy mind and bodies for the next generation.