De novo conditioning in trauma-exposed individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
De novo conditioning in trauma-exposed individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder
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DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.109.2.290
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pitman, RK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Orr, SP;Metzger, LJ;Pitman, RK
在15名无药物治疗的个体中评估了不同的条件反射，这些个体符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》（第4版;美国精神病学协会，1994）慢性创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的标准和18个创伤暴露的人谁从来没有发展PTSD（非PTSD）。条件刺激（CS）是彩色圆圈，而非条件刺激是一种“非常烦人”的电刺激。PTSD患者的静息心率（HR）和皮肤电导（SC）水平较高，并产生较大的SC定向反应。在条件反射过程中，与非PTSD组相比，PTSD组对强化与非强化刺激（CS+与CS-）的SC、HR和肌电图反应差异更大。在消退试验期间，只有创伤后应激障碍参与者对CS+与CS-继续表现出不同的SC反应。结果表明，PTSD患者在条件反射时交感神经系统的唤醒程度更高，并且比没有PTSD的创伤暴露者更容易条件反射。
Differential conditioning was assessed in 15 medication-free individuals meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria for chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 18 trauma-exposed individuals who never developed PTSD (non-PTSD). Conditioned stimuli (CSs) were colored circles, and the unconditioned stimulus was a "highly annoying" electrical stimulus. Individuals with PTSD had higher resting heart rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC) levels and produced larger SC orienting responses. During conditioning, the PTSD group showed larger differential SC, HR, and electromyogram responses to the reinforced vs. nonreinforced stimuli (CS+ vs. CS-) compared with the non-PTSD group. Only PTSD participants continued to show differential SC responses to CS+ vs. CS- during extinction trials. Results suggest that individuals with PTSD have higher sympathetic nervous system arousal at the time of conditioning and are more conditionable than trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD.