Gaze behavior and affect at 6 months: predicting clinical outcomes and language development in typically developing infants and infants at risk for autism.
Gaze behavior and affect at 6 months: predicting clinical outcomes and language development in typically developing infants and infants at risk for autism.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00833.x
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ozonoff S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young GS;Merin N;Rogers SJ;Ozonoff S
本文介绍了后续纵向数据的研究，以前提出的可能性异常凝视行为的标志是减少眼睛接触在一个亚组的6个月大的婴儿自闭症的风险。使用眼动追踪数据和行为数据记录在一个活的母婴互动过程中，涉及静止的脸程序，在6个月的凝视行为和情感行为的预测效用进行了检查，使用诊断结果数据在随后的18个月内纵向获得。结果显示，之前被确定为眼神接触率较低的婴儿在结果中没有任何自闭症迹象。相比之下，三名被诊断患有自闭症的婴儿在6个月时表现出对眼睛区域的持续凝视和典型的情感反应。在现场互动过程中，面部扫描和情感反应的个体差异与症状频率或症状严重程度的任何连续测量无关。与此相反，语言发展的增长曲线模型的结果显示，面部扫描和表达性语言之间的显着关系。在现场互动过程中，大量的固定到母亲的嘴预测更高水平的表达语言的结果和更大的增长率。这些发现表明，虽然6个月大时的凝视行为可能无法提供最初设想的自闭症早期标志，但凝视嘴巴可能特别有助于预测语言发育的个体差异。
This paper presents follow-up longitudinal data to research that previously suggested the possibility of abnormal gaze behavior marked by decreased eye contact in a subgroup of 6-month-old infants at risk for autism. Using eye-tracking data and behavioral data recorded during a live mother-infant interaction involving the still-face procedure, the predictive utility of gaze behavior and affective behaviors at 6 months was examined using diagnostic outcome data obtained longitudinally over the following 18 months. Results revealed that none of the infants previously identified as showing lower rates of eye-contact had any signs of autism at outcome. In contrast, three infants who were diagnosed with autism demonstrated consistent gaze to the eye region and typical affective responses at 6 months. Individual differences in face scanning and affective responsivity during the live interaction were not related to any continuous measures of symptom frequency or symptom severity. In contrast, results of growth curve models for language development revealed significant relationships between face scanning and expressive language. Greater amounts of fixation to the mother’s mouth during live interaction predicted higher levels of expressive language at outcome and greater rates of growth. These findings suggest that although gaze behavior at 6 months may not provide early markers for autism as initially conceived, gaze to the mouth in particular may be useful in predicting individual differences in language development.
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