Effects of partial hydrogenation, epoxidation, and hydroxylation on the fuel properties of fatty acid methyl esters
Effects of partial hydrogenation, epoxidation, and hydroxylation on the fuel properties of fatty acid methyl esters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.06.013
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
K. Wadumesthrige;S. Salley;K. Ng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Wadumesthrige;S. Salley;K. Ng
生物柴油的性质取决于单个脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）的化学结构。在这项工作中，脂肪酸链的化学结构进行了修改，通过催化加氢，环氧化和羟基化在控制条件下。在这些反应中没有观察到酯官能团的水解或脂肪酸链的氧化。氢化FAME的性质强烈地依赖于氢化时间。氢化2h后，总饱和脂肪酸（SFA）百分比从29.3%增加到76.2%。该加氢FAME具有较高的氧化稳定性和较高的十六烷值，但冷流性能较差。在氢化过程中观察到反式FAME的形成。羟基化和环氧化均导致不饱和脂肪酸甲酯（乌法）含量降低。总的不饱和FAME的百分比在环氧化反应中降低了39%，在羟基化反应中降低了44%。在脂肪酸链的不饱和区域添加羟基可产生具有更好的冷流特性、增加的润滑性和略微增加的氧化稳定性的生物柴油。然而，环氧FAME显示出一些有趣的性能，如更高的氧化稳定性，更高的十六烷值和可接受的冷流性能，满足ASTM D6751生物柴油规格的限制。
The properties of biodiesel depend on the chemical structure of individual fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). In this work the chemical structure of fatty acid chains was modified by catalytic hydrogenation, epoxidation and hydroxylation under controlled conditions. Hydrolysis of ester functionality or oxidation of fatty acid chain was not observed during these reactions. The properties of hydrogenated FAME strongly depend on the hydrogenation time. The total saturated fatty acid (SFA) percentage increased from 29.3% to 76.2% after 2h of hydrogenation. This hydrogenated FAME showed higher oxidation stability and higher cetane number but poor cold flow properties. Formation of trans FAME was observed during hydrogenation. Both hydroxylation and epoxidation resulted in a decrease of unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFA) fraction. The percentages of total unsaturated FAME decreased 39% in the epoxidation reaction and 44% in the hydroxylation reaction. The addition of hydroxyl groups to the unsaturated regions of the fatty acid chain yields biodiesel with better cold flow properties, increased lubricity and slightly increased oxidative stability. However, epoxy FAME shows some interesting properties such as higher oxidation stability, higher cetane number and acceptable cold flow properties, which met the limits of ASTM D6751 biodiesel specifications.