Spatial heterogeneity of mortality and diffusion rates determines larval delivery to adult habitats for coastal marine populations
Spatial heterogeneity of mortality and diffusion rates determines larval delivery to adult habitats for coastal marine populations
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死亡率和扩散率的空间异质性决定了沿海海洋种群幼虫向成体栖息地的输送
DOI：
10.1007/s12080-021-00512-y
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Largier, John L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer, Alexander D.;Hastings, Alan;Largier, John L.
许多底栖动物开始生活在浮游幼虫阶段，在此期间，沿岸水流可能将个体移动到远离海岸的地方。这一特点被认为是允许个人发展远离近岸捕食者和兄弟姐妹的竞争，基于死亡率较低的离岸假设。然而，在离岸发展的幼虫往往无法找到合适的沿海栖息地。这导致了近岸死亡率和离岸浪费之间的权衡，其后果是幼虫交付到成年栖息地，尚未得到充分的赞赏。我们使用的反应扩散模型表明，当近岸幼虫死亡率很高，幼虫供应可以变化超过10倍的离岸死亡率。如果这种离岸速率较弱，则通过中间扩散速率或幼虫持续时间使幼虫供应最大化。虽然低扩散率的沿海边界层通常通过减少浪费来改善幼虫供应，但它也可以通过防止个体利用低离岸死亡率来减少幼虫供应。最后，死亡率的跨岸结构可能会影响沿岸运输的幼虫，确定离岸多远，他们居住之前解决，因此，沿岸电流，他们的经验。我们的观察结果与先前的论点，即幼虫供应减少扩散和幼虫的持续时间，由于浪费，并挑战广泛的决定，忽略沿岸运动的研究跨岸异质性。死亡率的空间变异对招募有很大影响的情景对于理解幼虫阶段的生物学后果和从建模的角度都很重要。
Many benthic animals begin life with a planktonic larval stage during which coastal currents may move individuals far from shore. This trait is believed to allow individuals to develop away from nearshore predators and sibling competition, based on the assumption that mortality rates are weaker offshore. However, larvae developing offshore often fail to locate suitable coastal habitats. This results in a trade-off between nearshore mortality and offshore wastage with consequences for larval delivery to adult habitats that have not been fully appreciated. We use a reaction-diffusion model to show that when the nearshore larval mortality rate is high, larval supply can vary more than 10-fold with the offshore mortality rate. If this offshore rate is weak, then larval supply is maximized by an intermediate diffusion rate or larval duration. While a low-diffusivity coastal boundary layer typically improves the larval supply by decreasing wastage, it can also reduce the larval supply by preventing individuals from exploiting low offshore mortality rates. Finally, the cross-shore structure of the mortality rate may influence the alongshore transport of larvae by determining how far offshore they reside prior to settling, and, consequently, the alongshore currents they experience. Our observations contrast with the prior argument that larval supply decreases with diffusivity and larval duration due to wastage, and challenge the widespread decision to omit cross-shore heterogeneity from studies of alongshore movement. Scenarios in which spatial variability in the mortality rate has a large effect on recruitment are important both for understanding the biological consequences of the larval stage and from a modeling perspective.
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无脊椎动物和鱼类幼虫跨架传播机制
影响因子：
24
作者：
A. Shanks
通讯作者：
A. Shanks
珍宝蟹（巨蟹蟹）的生物学、生态学和渔业。
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Rasmuson
通讯作者：
L. Rasmuson
DOI：
10.1086/bblv216n3p373
发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
The Biological Bulletin
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Shanks
通讯作者：
A. Shanks
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Shanks
通讯作者：
A. Shanks
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
J. White;S. Morgan;J. Fisher
通讯作者：
J. Fisher