Effects of social influence on eating in couples, friends and strangers
Effects of social influence on eating in couples, friends and strangers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2006.12.004
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Pliner, Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salvy, Sarah-Jeanne;Jarrin, Denise;Pliner, Patricia
先前的研究表明，男性和女性在异性陌生人面前吃得比在同性面前吃得少。另一份文献表明，人们倾向于模仿或匹配其他人的进食量。人们渴望抑制自己的食物消费或与其他人的摄入量相匹配的程度可能会因共同进食者的特征而有所不同。本研究探讨男性和女性如何调整他们的饮食水平作为他们的熟悉程度和他们的饮食伴侣的性别的函数，使用自由饮食的范例。研究结果表明，共同进餐者之间的熟悉程度和参与者的性别都可以预测食物消费量。尽管陌生感抑制了男性和女性的食物摄入量，但只有当女性共同进食时，匹配效应才起作用。我们得出结论，首要的动机（即，产生积极印象）并不一定在不同的性别-熟悉度组合中有很大的不同，但人们实现这一目标的手段或策略（清淡饮食和/或摄入量的匹配）以及动机的强度因受众而异。换句话说，在某些社会背景下，自我提升的动机可以通过限制摄入量以及通过态度或行为一致性等讨好策略来实现。(c)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Previous research indicates that both males and females eat less in the presence of a stranger of the opposite sex than in the presence of a same sex. Another literature shows that people tend to model or matching the amount eaten by others. The extent to which people are eager to inhibit their food consumption or match other's intake is likely to vary as a function of the characteristics of the co-eater. The present study examines how males and females adjust their level of eating as a function of their familiarity with and the gender of their eating companion, using a free-eating paradigm. Findings indicated that both the familiarity between co-eaters and the participants' gender predicted food consumption. Although unfamiliarity suppressed both men's and women's food intakes, the matching effect operated only when a female co-eater was involved. We conclude that the overarching motive (i.e., producing a positive impression) does not necessarily vary substantially across the various gender-familiarity combinations, but that the means or strategies (eating lightly and or matching of intake) by which the person accomplishes it and the strength of the motive vary as a function of the audience. In other words, in some social contexts self-enhancing motives can be served by restricting intake as well as through ingratiatory strategies such as attitudinal or behavioral conformity. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.