Host Defense and the Airway Epithelium: Frontline Responses That Protect against Bacterial Invasion and Pneumonia.
Host Defense and the Airway Epithelium: Frontline Responses That Protect against Bacterial Invasion and Pneumonia.
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DOI：
10.4061/2011/249802
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Anderson DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisele NA;Anderson DM
气道上皮细胞是抵御入侵微生物的第一道防线，它们通过产生富含抗菌产品的碳水化合物和蛋白质基质来保护自己。此外，它们还充当哨兵，表达模式识别受体，这些受体在感知细菌产物时被激活，并刺激下游招募和激活免疫细胞，从而清除入侵的微生物。成功地在肺部定植的细菌病原体必须抵抗这些机制或抑制它们的产生，穿透上皮屏障，并准备抵抗一连串的炎症。尽管手头的任务艰巨，但相对较少的毒力因子协调与上皮的战斗，同时提供对炎性细胞的抵抗并导致肺损伤。在这里，我们回顾了气道上皮细胞识别病原体并激活抗菌途径以防止肺部定植的机制，沿着一些细菌如何破坏这些反应导致肺炎的例子。
Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense against invading microbes, and they protect themselves through the production of carbohydrate and protein matrices concentrated with antimicrobial products. In addition, they act as sentinels, expressing pattern recognition receptors that become activated upon sensing bacterial products and stimulate downstream recruitment and activation of immune cells which clear invading microbes. Bacterial pathogens that successfully colonize the lungs must resist these mechanisms or inhibit their production, penetrate the epithelial barrier, and be prepared to resist a barrage of inflammation. Despite the enormous task at hand, relatively few virulence factors coordinate the battle with the epithelium while simultaneously providing resistance to inflammatory cells and causing injury to the lung. Here we review mechanisms whereby airway epithelial cells recognize pathogens and activate a program of antibacterial pathways to prevent colonization of the lung, along with a few examples of how bacteria disrupt these responses to cause pneumonia.