Mapping coral reefs using consumer-grade drones and structure from motion photogrammetry techniques
Mapping coral reefs using consumer-grade drones and structure from motion photogrammetry techniques
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DOI：
10.1007/s00338-016-1522-0
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Rovere, Alessio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Casella, Elisa;Collin, Antoine;Rovere, Alessio
我们提出了一种新的技术来测量浅水珊瑚礁的小规模三维特征，使用配备有消费级相机，手持GPS和运动结构（SfM）算法的小型无人机。我们使用安装在DJI Phantom 2无人机（最大起飞总重量< 2 kg）上的带有改进透镜的GoPro HERO4进行了10分钟的飞行，并收集了306张重叠等于或大于90%的航拍图像。我们绘制了一个8380米（2）的区域，获得作为输出的正射校正航空摄影和测深数字高程模型（DEM）的分辨率分别为0.78和1.56厘米像素（-1）。通过与同一地区的机载LiDAR数据的比较，我们验证了正射校正的航空摄影测量仪的定位精度在1.4 m左右。我们的DEM和LiDAR数据集之间的水深差异为-0.016 +/- 0.45 m（1 sigma）。我们的研究结果表明，这是可能的，在平静的沃茨，低风和最小的太阳闪烁的条件下，部署消费级无人机作为一个相对低成本和快速的调查技术，以产生多光谱和水深数据浅水珊瑚礁。我们讨论了这些数据的效用，以监测珊瑚礁和相关的生物过程的地形复杂性的时间变化。
We propose a novel technique to measure the small-scale three-dimensional features of a shallow-water coral reef using a small drone equipped with a consumer-grade camera, a handheld GPS and structure from motion (SfM) algorithms. We used a GoPro HERO4 with a modified lens mounted on a DJI Phantom 2 drone (maximum total take-off weight < 2 kg) to perform a 10 min flight and collect 306 aerial images with an overlap equal or greater than 90%. We mapped an area of 8380 m(2), obtaining as output an ortho-rectified aerial photomosaic and a bathymetric digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 0.78 and 1.56 cm pixel(-1), respectively. Through comparison with airborne LiDAR data for the same area, we verified that the location of the ortho-rectified aerial photomosaic is accurate within similar to 1.4 m. The bathymetric difference between our DEM and the LiDAR dataset is -0.016 +/- 0.45 m (1 sigma). Our results show that it is possible, in conditions of calm waters, low winds and minimal sun glint, to deploy consumer-grade drones as a relatively low-cost and rapid survey technique to produce multispectral and bathymetric data on shallow-water coral reefs. We discuss the utility of such data to monitor temporal changes in topographic complexity of reefs and associated biological processes.